“…Up to now, cruise passengers were very confident in the safety and security measures adopted by cruise companies (Bowen et al 2014 ). With the pandemic, the importance of hygiene and cleanliness has increased hugely, especially in the cruise industry, both in port and on board, as it is one of the key factors looked at when deciding to book a cruise (Whyte 2018 ). Fisher et al ( 2018 ) insist on the importance of handwashing and passenger's awareness of protection/safety measures.…”