Eliciting experts’ knowledge in emergency response organizations

Okoli, Justin; Weller, Gordon; Watt, John

doi:10.1108/ijes-06-2014-0009

Cited by 8 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 31 publications

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“…To solve this issue, more creative methods should be applied that have the power to elicit tacit knowledge indirectly, or that allow for the researcher to determine tacit knowledge or procedures for themselves. Two such methods are narrative inquiry [ 49 ] and the critical decision method [ 50 ]. Next, patients and care professionals apply work-arounds to get things or to get their work done [ 51 , 52 ].…”

Section: Limitations Of Hcd In Ehealthmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Limitations of User-and Human-Centered Design in an eHealth Context and How to Move Beyond Them

Velsen¹,

Ludden²,

Grünloh³

2022

J Med Internet Res

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Human-centered design (HCD) is widely regarded as the best design approach for creating eHealth innovations that align with end users’ needs, wishes, and context and has the potential to impact health care. However, critical reflections on applying HCD within the context of eHealth are lacking. Applying a critical eye to the use of HCD approaches within eHealth, we present and discuss 9 limitations that the current practices of HCD in eHealth innovation often carry. The limitations identified range from limited reach and bias to narrow contextual and temporal focus. Design teams should carefully consider if, how, and when they should involve end users and other stakeholders in the design process and how they can combine their insights with existing knowledge and design skills. Finally, we discuss how a more critical perspective on using HCD in eHealth innovation can move the field forward and offer 3 directions of inspiration to improve our design practices: value-sensitive design, citizen science, and more-than-human design. Although value-sensitive design approaches offer a solution to some of the biased or limited views of traditional HCD approaches, combining a citizen science approach with design inspiration and imagining new futures could widen our view on eHealth innovation. Finally, a more-than-human design approach will allow eHealth solutions to care for both people and the environment. These directions can be seen as starting points that invite and support the field of eHealth innovation to do better and to try and develop more inclusive, fair, and valuable eHealth innovations that will have an impact on health and care.

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Section: Limitations Of Hcd In Ehealthmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Limitations of User-and Human-Centered Design in an eHealth Context and How to Move Beyond Them

Velsen¹,

Ludden²,

Grünloh³

2022

J Med Internet Res

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Information processing and intuitive decision-making on the fireground: towards a model of expert intuition

2015

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In addition to other cognitive tasks that need attending to, experienced fireground commanders are also faced with a crucial task of identifying various environmental and informational cues that could affect their performance on the fireground. Although these cues play a crucial role in activating the pattern recognition or intuitive decision-making process, the major challenge remains that they usually emerge from multiple sources, thereby increasing the cognitive load in working memory. Previous studies have shown that attending to multiple informational sources has serious implications for intuitive decisionmaking as it then becomes more difficult to select the most relevant cues amidst the rapidly evolving conditions. In order to determine how firefighters cope with this difficult task of processing information from multiple sources, 16 experienced fireground commanders were interviewed using a semi-structured critical decision method protocol. Following the insights derived from the knowledge elicitation process, this paper presents and describes an expert intuition model, which we termed the information filtering and intuitive decision-making model. The model attempts to conceptualize how experienced firefighters scan through multiple information sources from which they are then able to select the most relevant cues that eventually aid the development of workable action plans.

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The role of expertise in dynamic risk assessment: A reflection of the problem-solving strategies used by experienced fireground commanders

et al. 2016

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Although the concept of dynamic risk assessment has in recent times become more topical in the training manuals of most high risk domains, only a few empirical studies have reported how experts actually carry out this crucial task. The knowledge gap between research and practice in this area therefore calls for more empirical investigation within the naturalistic environment. In this paper, we present and discuss the problem solving strategies employed by sixteen experienced operational firefighters using a qualitative knowledge elicitation toolthe critical decision method. Findings revealed that dynamic risk assessment is not merely a process of weighing the risks of a proposed course of action against its benefits, but rather an experiential and pattern recognition process. The paper concludes by discussing the implications of designing training curriculum for the less experienced officers using the elicited expert knowledge.

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Eliciting experts’ knowledge in emergency response organizations

Cited by 8 publications

References 31 publications

The Limitations of User-and Human-Centered Design in an eHealth Context and How to Move Beyond Them

The Limitations of User-and Human-Centered Design in an eHealth Context and How to Move Beyond Them

Information processing and intuitive decision-making on the fireground: towards a model of expert intuition

The role of expertise in dynamic risk assessment: A reflection of the problem-solving strategies used by experienced fireground commanders

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