Elimination of surface debris generated by KrF excimer laser ablation of polyimide

Shin, Dong Sig; Lee, Jae Hoon; Suh, Jeong; Kim, To Hoon

doi:10.1016/j.msea.2005.09.113

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…For this, Menzel-Glazer cover slips were first coated with a layer of liquid ink blackboard maker (Pentel easyflo) to provide a sacrificial layer before ablation. [27] Microwells (15 μm diameter, 18 μm pitch) in a ten by ten array were ablated individually into the cover slip using a 157 nm F 2 eximer laser. Radiation of 157 nm was delivered from a Coherent LPF220i laser source and coupled through an enclosed, N 2 -perfused, 3 metre long beamline, to a 25x Schwarzschild projection lens.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Co-operative Membrane Disruption Between Cell-penetrating Peptide and Cargo: Implications for the Therapeutic Use of the Bcl-2 Converter Peptide D-NuBCP-9-r8

et al. 2011

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Delivering apoptosis inducing peptides to cells is an emerging area in cancer and molecular therapeutics. Here, we have identified an alternative mechanism of action for the proapoptotic chimeric peptide D-NuBCP-9-r8. Integral to D-NuBCP-9-r8 is the Nur-77-derived D-isoform sequence fsrslhsll that targets Bcl-2, and the cell-penetrating peptide (CPP) octaarginine (r8) that is required for intracellular delivery. We find that the N-terminal phenylalanine of fsrslhsll acts in synergy with the cell-penetrating moiety to enhance peptide uptake at low nontoxic levels and cause rapid membrane blebbing and cell necrosis at higher (IC(50)) concentrations. These effects were not observed when a single phenylalanine-alanine mutation was introduced at the N-terminus of D-NuBCP-9-r8. Using primary samples from chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) patients and cancer cell lines, we show that NuBCP-9-r8 induced toxicity, via membrane disruption, is independent of Bcl-2 expression. Overall, this study demonstrates a new mechanism of action for this peptide and cautions its use as a highly specific entity for targeting Bcl-2. For delivery of therapeutic peptides the work emphasizes that key amino acids in cargo, located several residues away from the cell-penetrating sequence, can significantly influence their cellular uptake and mode of action.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Co-operative Membrane Disruption Between Cell-penetrating Peptide and Cargo: Implications for the Therapeutic Use of the Bcl-2 Converter Peptide D-NuBCP-9-r8

et al. 2011

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“…Polyimide is also used for its good mechanical strength, high thermal properties, and resistance to abrasive chemicals. Most research papers have concentrated their research on the Dupont™ brand of polyimide films (Srinivasan, 1993; Luk'yanchuk et al , 1997; Ilie et al , 2005, 2007; Mullan et al , 2005, 2007; Himmelbauer et al , 1996; Küper et al , 1993; Metayer et al , 2001; Bäuerle et al , 1997; Pervolaraki et al , 2004; Li et al , 2004; Hauer et al , 2003; Shin et al , 2006). There are many suppliers of polyimide film within the FPCB industry, but there are no comparison studies indicating how the various properties of these films can be used for microvia drilling.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As with the lack of comparative research studies on variations of polyimide film from different manufacturers, research on the types of lasers used for processing has also been limited. Laser choices for research have primarily been excimer and Nd:YAG, and research has focused more on using excimer lasers in the 193 to 351 nm wavelength ranges (Kawamura et al , 1982; Srinivasan and Mayne‐Banton, 1982; Srinivasan, 1993; Pan et al , 2007; Lippert and Dickinson, 2003; Luk'yanchuk et al , 1997; Himmelbauer et al , 1996; Küper et al , 1993; Ilie et al , 2007; Metayer et al , 2001; Bäuerle et al , 1997; Gu et al , 2002; Zweig and Deutsch, 1992; Hauer et al , 2003; Lippert et al , 2003; Shin et al , 2006; Kordás et al , 2001). Excimer lasers' broad range of UV wavelengths, small features sizes, and variable pulse widths have made them useful research tools.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laser microvia formation in polyimide thin films for metallization applications

Roeger

2011

Circuit World

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Purpose -The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate laser microvia drilling of polyimide thin films from multiple sources before metallic sputtering. This process flow reduces Flexible Printed Circuit Board (FPCB) material, chemical and operational costs by 90 per cent in the construction of flexible circuits. Design/methodology/approach -The UV laser percussion drilling of microvias in 25 mm thick polyimide films with low coefficients of thermal expansion (CTE) and elastic modulii was investigated. Results were obtained using Scanning Electron Microscopy and Surface Profilometry. Polyimide films tested included: Duponte Kapton w EN; Kolon w GP and LV; Apical w NPI; and Taimidee TA-T. Findings -There was no direct relationship between the top and bottom diameters and ablation depth rates between the polyimide films tested using the same test conditions. There was a direct relationship with exit diameters and etch rates at different laser pulse frequency rates and fluence levels. Laser pulse rates at 30 kHz produced 20 per cent larger exit diameters than at 70 kHz, however at 70 kHz the first pulse etched 16.5 per cent more material. High fluence levels etched more material but with a lower etch efficiency rate. Other microvia quality concerns such as surface swelling, membrane residues on the bottom side and surface debris inside the microvias were observed. Nanoscale powder-like surface debris was observed on all samples in all test conditions. Originality/value -This is the first comparison of material specifications and costs for films from multiple polyimide manufactures and laser microvia drilling. The paper also is the first to demonstrate results using a JDSUe Lightwave Q302 w laser rail. The results provide the first insights into potential microvia membrane issues and debris characteristics.

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An effective focusing setting in femtosecond laser multiple pulse ablation

Chang

2013

Optics & Laser Technology

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Elimination of surface debris generated by KrF excimer laser ablation of polyimide

Cited by 3 publications

References 10 publications

Co-operative Membrane Disruption Between Cell-penetrating Peptide and Cargo: Implications for the Therapeutic Use of the Bcl-2 Converter Peptide D-NuBCP-9-r8

Co-operative Membrane Disruption Between Cell-penetrating Peptide and Cargo: Implications for the Therapeutic Use of the Bcl-2 Converter Peptide D-NuBCP-9-r8

Laser microvia formation in polyimide thin films for metallization applications

An effective focusing setting in femtosecond laser multiple pulse ablation

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