Embedding resilience in the design of the electricity supply for industrial clients

Abstract

This paper proposes an optimization model, using Mixed-Integer Linear Programming (MILP), to support decisions related to making investments in the design of power grids serving industrial clients that experience interruptions to their energy supply due to disruptive events. In this approach, by considering the probabilities of the occurrence of a set of such disruptive events, the model is used to minimize the overall expected cost by determining an optimal strategy involving pre- and post-event actions. The pre-event actions, which are considered during the design phase, evaluate the resilience capacity (absorption, adaptation and restoration) and are tailored to the context of industrial clients dependent on a power grid. Four cases are analysed to explore the results of different probabilities of the occurrence of disruptions. Moreover, two scenarios, in which the probability of occurrence is lowest but the consequences are most serious, are selected to illustrate the model’s applicability. The results indicate that investments in pre-event actions, if implemented, can enhance the resilience of power grids serving industrial clients because the impacts of disruptions either are experienced only for a short time period or are completely avoided.

The effect of electricity reliability on the sustainability of SMEs in Fako Division of Cameroon

“…This means that electricity utility companies must derive strategies to quickly identify faults that must be treated without much delay (Eikeland et al, 2022). In addition, according to Moura et al (2017), preventive maintenance demands keen attention to obtaining reliable electricity networks that will serve customers satisfactorily. According to Izadi and Safdarian (2018), preventive maintenance can be achieved in numerous ways, one of which is remote-controlled switches (RCSs).…”

Moderating Effects of Weather Conditions on the Relationship Between Electricity Supply Reliability and Sme Sustainability

“…Upgrading networks is coupled with strategies to help identify recurrent faults on the network that must be maintained without much delay to prevent subsequent breakdowns (Eikeland et al, 2022). Also, according to Chagas et al (2017), preventive maintenance demands keen attention to obtain reliable electricity networks that will serve customers satisfactorily. According to Lehmann et al (2018), the use of renewable energy sources can be used as alternatives to generate electricity, and at same time reduce harmful emissions to the atmosphere.…”

Infrastructure resilience curves: Performance measures and summary metrics

“…Modeling may be primarily focused on the infrastructure system Modeling should include representation of system demand Modeling likely includes representation of system demand; may be primarily focused on noninfrastructure considerations components are functional or non-functional, and the measure describes "number of functional components" (e.g., power buses [75], [124], cranes at a seaport [103], or nodes in an electrical [62] or water system [62], [125]). This category also applies to components with partial functionality (e.g., bridge loading capacity [21], [126]) or weighted aggregates (e.g., total power rating of connected generators [23], or volume of transportation system capacity [81]). Measures in this category are distinguished as independent of system demand.…”

“…Multiple measures can be plotted either separately [23], [108], [139], [149], [152] or together [28], [30], [106]. In some cases, balancing diverging performance measures is left as an open-ended trade-off.…”

“…Constituent metrics generally have different units, so ensemble metrics are most often unitless or without relatable units, with the exception of converting to financial units. Moura et al converted to cost from cumulative impact and recovery time using contract provisions [23]. Conversion to currency also enables the incorporation of non-curve considerations within a resilience analysis-e.g.…”