Embryonic CNS macrophages and microglia do not stem from circulating, but from extravascular precursors

Kurz, Haymo; Christ, Bodo

doi:10.1002/(sici)1098-1136(199801)22:1<98::aid-glia10>3.0.co;2-v

Cited by 65 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Note the expression in the arterial endothelial cells migrating from the somites to the limb (arrows). l, n HH stage 19 and 22 embryo, respectively, expression seen in the head, heart, aorta and in the limb ately after neurulation (Kurz et al 1998;Cuadros et al 1993). These migratory macrophage precursors were shown to invade the central nervous system (CNS) from the glia surface and proliferate inside the CNS generating all microglia in avian embryos (Kurz et al 1998).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression pattern of Dll4 during chick embryogenesis

Nimmagadda

Geetha-Loganathan

Pröls

et al. 2007

Histochem Cell Biol

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Notch and Delta signaling regulates cell-fate decisions in a variety of tissues in diverse organisms through cell-to-cell interactions. In this study we isolated a 696 bp fragment of chick Delta-like 4 (Dll4) cDNA and analyzed its expression pattern during chick development by in situ hybridization. We report a detailed description of cDll4 expression from HH-stage 8-30. Expression is seen in extraembryonic tissues and in the dorsal aorta throughout development but is absent from venules. Dll4 is expressed in the embryonic blood vessels, heart, somites, neural tube, limb, pharyngeal arches, esophagus, and in the developing eye. In accordance with the report from mice, cDll4 is a marker of the arterial type of endothelial cells. These analyses show that Dll4 is expressed in a wide range of tissues and organs suggesting its role in vascular development during chick embryogenesis.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression pattern of Dll4 during chick embryogenesis

Nimmagadda

Geetha-Loganathan

Pröls

et al. 2007

Histochem Cell Biol

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“…In contrast, our experience with quail/chick chimeras and on mesodermal cell lineage brings this assumption into question (Kurz et al 1996b;Cossmann et al 1997;Kurz and Christ 1998). In particular, we noted that cells involved in angiogenesis, formation of the blood vessel wall and vascular remodeling showed markedly different interphase and S phase chromatin in their nuclei.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…2c). These cells were found migrating in the developing white columns at E4 and E5, and only later were seen more frequently near or in contact with blood vessels of the grey substance (Kurz and Christ 1998).…”

Section: Identification Of Mesoderm-derived Cells In the Ntmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…We identified these cells in the quail neural tube (NT) with QH1 (Pardanaud et al 1987). This monoclonal antibody has been extensively used for the study of blood vessel formation (Noden 1991;Couly et al 1995;Wilting et al 1995;Klessinger and Christ 1996;Kurz et al 1996b;Roncali et al 1996;Cossmann et al 1997;Huang et al 1997), hematopoiesis (Pardanaud and Dieterlen-Lièvren 1995;Pardanaud et al 1996;Caprioli et al 1998) and MΦ migration (Cuadros et al 1992(Cuadros et al , 1993(Cuadros et al , 1994Navascues et al 1996;Kurz and Christ 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Three-dimensional analysis of DNA replication foci: a comparative study on species and cell type in situ

Cossmann

Eggli

Kurz

2000

Histochemistry and Cell Biology

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Chromatin morphology of interphase nuclei in most cell lines of quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) and chick (Gallus gallus domesticus) embryos shows typical interspecies differences. This intrinsic marker has been used in quail/chick chimerisation experiments, where also differences between cell types were noted. We asked whether similar differences between species and between cell types could be observed in S phase nuclei in situ. In this report, we used bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) pulse labelling and anti-BrdU immunofluorescence to detect DNA replication foci in the nuclei of identified cells. In the central nervous system of 5- to 7-day-old quail and chick embryos, mesoderm-derived cells with strikingly different morphology and topographical distribution were studied: endothelial, i.e. polarised cells forming continuous tubes, and macrophages, i.e. non-polarised, ameboid or ramified individual cells. Using confocal microscopy, replication foci in the nuclei were assessed quantitatively and three-dimensional visualisations were produced. We consistently observed that: (1) chick, but never quail, nuclei displayed completely confluent replication sites, independent of cell type, and (2) macrophages, but not endothelial cells, had distinct perinucleolar replication sites, independent of species. We thus demonstrate a new relationship between cell type and spatial arrangement of DNA replication sites, and conclude that interspecies differences of chromatin distribution are conserved throughout S phase. Our results strongly recommend that work done on nuclear structure in vitro should not be extrapolated without reservation to cells in vivo.

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“…Parabiosis was performed according to Kurz and Christ (1998). Briefly, prior to parabiosis quail and chick eggs were incubated in a humidified incubator at 37.7C for 2 days.…”

Section: Chick-quail Parabiosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Origin of the bursal secretory dendritic cell

Nagy

Magyar

Tóth

et al. 2004

Anatomy and Embryology

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The origin of vimentin-positive secretory dendritic cells of the bursa of Fabricius was studied by chick-quail chimera, parabiosis and immunohistochemistry using species-specific monoclonal antibodies. Quail bursal primordia of different ages were transferred to coelomic cavity of 3-day-old chicken embryos and further incubated for 18 days. In transplanted quail bursas the secretory dendritic cells of chicken and quail origin were detected by double staining of vimentin plus 74.3 and vimentin plus QCPN monoclonal antibodies, respectively. In bursal primordia of 5- and 6-day-old quail embryos both dendritic cells and B cells were of host, i.e. chicken origin. Mixed dendritic cell population of quail and chick origin emerged in chimeric birds of 6.5 days of age. In quail embryos transplanted at 7 and 8 days of age both dendritic cells and B cells were mixed i.e. of chicken and quail origin. Bursal secretory dendritic cells and medullary epithelial cells create "dendro-epithelial tissue" to receive pre-B cells. Colonization of dendro-epithelial tissue by pre-B cells initiates at day 7, thus the colonization of bursal anlage by blood-borne cells is a two-step process; entering of dendritic cells at day 6.5 is followed by that of B cells at day 7 and afterwards. It is discussed that bursal secretory dendritic cells and their product are key elements of bursal function therefore the mammalian bursa equivalent organ might be represented by a cell, which is analogous with the bursal secretory dendritic cell.

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Embryonic CNS macrophages and microglia do not stem from circulating, but from extravascular precursors

Cited by 65 publications

References 16 publications

Expression pattern of Dll4 during chick embryogenesis

Expression pattern of Dll4 during chick embryogenesis

Three-dimensional analysis of DNA replication foci: a comparative study on species and cell type in situ

Origin of the bursal secretory dendritic cell

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