Embryonic Stem Cells‐Derived Exosomes Endowed with Targeting Properties as Chemotherapeutics Delivery Vehicles for Glioblastoma Therapy

Zhu, Qiangqiang; Ling, Xiaozheng; Yang, Yunlong; Zhang, Juntao; Li, Qing; Niu, Xiamu; Hu, Guowen; Bi, Chen; Li, Haiyan; Wang, Yan; Deng, Zixin

doi:10.1002/advs.201801899

Cited by 221 publications

(157 citation statements)

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“…They were derived from embryonic stem cells and have been modified with c(RGDyK) peptide and packed with paclitaxel. Results were very promising as mice with brain tumor xenograft targeted with c(RGDyK) and paclitaxel had considerably higher mean survival in comparison to control [119]. Exosomes also present a huge potential in the diagnosis of glioma because they are present in blood and cerebrospinal fluid.…”

Section: Nanomaterials and Brain Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanotechnology Meets Oncology: Nanomaterials in Brain Cancer Research, Diagnosis and Therapy

2019

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Advances in technology of the past decades led to development of new nanometer scale diagnosis and treatment approaches in cancer medicine leading to establishment of nanooncology. Inorganic and organic nanomaterials have been shown to improve bioimaging techniques and targeted drug delivery systems. Their favorable physico-chemical characteristics, like small sizes, large surface area compared to volume, specific structural characteristics, and possibility to attach different molecules on their surface transform them into excellent transport vehicles able to cross cell and/or tissue barriers, including the blood–brain barrier. The latter is one of the greatest challenges in diagnosis and treatment of brain cancers. Application of nanomaterials can prolong the circulation time of the drugs and contrasting agents in the brain, posing an excellent opportunity for advancing the treatment of the most aggressive form of the brain cancer—glioblastomas. However, possible unwanted side-effects and toxicity issues must be considered before final clinical translation of nanoparticles.

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Section: Nanomaterials and Brain Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanotechnology Meets Oncology: Nanomaterials in Brain Cancer Research, Diagnosis and Therapy

2019

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“…Combining gene-engineered exosomes with other drugs, including temozolomide, can improve the therapy against GBM cells and make it more effective. The exosomes derived from the embryonic stem cells that were conjugated with a tumor-targeting c(RGDyK) peptide and loaded with paclitaxel showed enhanced targeting and better curative efficacy of the paclitaxel towards the GBM cells [ 113 ]. To obtain glioma-targeting exosomes, Gang et al loaded superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles with curcumin and conjugated them with a neuropilin-1-targeted peptide by click chemistry for enhanced stability and biocompatibility [ 114 ].…”

Section: Exosomes In the Treatment Of Gliomasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Exosomes in the Progression, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Gliomas

et al. 2020

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Gliomas are the most common primary malignant brain tumors associated with a low survival rate. Even after surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy, gliomas still have a poor prognosis. Extracellular vesicles are a heterogeneous group of cell-derived membranous structures. Exosomes are a type of extracellular vesicles, their size ranges from 30 nm to 100 nm. Recent studies have proved that glioma cells could release numerous exosomes; therefore, exosomes have gained increasing attention in glioma-related research. Recent studies have confirmed the importance of extracellular vesicles, particularly exosomes, in the development of brain tumors, including gliomas. Exosomes mediate intercellular communication in the tumor microenvironment by transporting biomolecules (proteins, lipids, deoxyribonucleic acid, and ribonucleic acid); thereby playing a prominent role in tumor proliferation, differentiation, metastasis, and resistance to chemotherapy or radiation. Given their nanoscale size, exosomes can traverse the blood-brain barrier and promote tumor progression by modifying the tumor microenvironment. Based on their structural and functional characteristics, exosomes are demonstrating their value not only as diagnostic and prognostic markers, but also as tools in therapies specifically targeting glioma cells. Therefore, exosomes are a promising therapeutic target for the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of malignant gliomas. More research will be needed before exosomes can be used in clinical applications. Here, we describe the exosomes, their morphology, and their roles in the diagnosis and progression of gliomas. In addition, we discuss the potential of exosomes as a therapeutic target/drug delivery system for patients with gliomas.

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“…To accomplish this, we developed a method that induced clustering of EVs using a phospholipid-polymer-phospholipid conjugate, DSPE-PEG-DSPE ( Figure 6 A). DSPE is a phospholipid in this conjugate, while PEG is used as a linker [ 30 , 31 , 32 ]. We assumed that the DSPE on one side of the DSPE-PEG-DSPE conjugate can capture one EV owing to its lipid solubility, while the DSPE on the other side can capture another EV.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Single Step In Situ Detection of Surface Protein and MicroRNA in Clustered Extracellular Vesicles Using Flow Cytometry

Yang

Rhee

2021

JCM

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Because cancers are heterogeneous, it is evident that multiplexed detection is required to achieve disease diagnosis with high accuracy and specificity. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been a subject of great interest as sources of novel biomarkers for cancer liquid biopsy. However, EVs are nano-sized particles that are difficult to handle; thus, it is necessary to develop a method that enables efficient and straightforward EV biomarker detection. In the present study, we developed a method for single step in situ detection of EV surface proteins and inner miRNAs simultaneously using a flow cytometer. CD63 antibody and molecular beacon-21 were investigated for multiplexed biomarker detection in normal and cancer EVs. A phospholipid-polymer-phospholipid conjugate was introduced to induce clustering of the EVs analyzed using nanoparticle tracking analysis, which enhanced the detection signals. As a result, the method could detect and distinguish cancer cell-derived EVs using a flow cytometer. Thus, single step in situ detection of multiple EV biomarkers using a flow cytometer can be applied as a simple, labor- and time-saving, non-invasive liquid biopsy for the diagnosis of various diseases, including cancer.

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Embryonic Stem Cells‐Derived Exosomes Endowed with Targeting Properties as Chemotherapeutics Delivery Vehicles for Glioblastoma Therapy

Cited by 221 publications

References 50 publications

Nanotechnology Meets Oncology: Nanomaterials in Brain Cancer Research, Diagnosis and Therapy

Nanotechnology Meets Oncology: Nanomaterials in Brain Cancer Research, Diagnosis and Therapy

Role of Exosomes in the Progression, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Gliomas

Single Step In Situ Detection of Surface Protein and MicroRNA in Clustered Extracellular Vesicles Using Flow Cytometry

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