Emerging cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying anticancer indications of chrysin

Abstract

Chrysin has been shown to exert several beneficial pharmacological activities. Chrysin has anti-cancer, anti-viral, anti-diabetic, neuroprotective, cardioprotective, hepatoprotective, and renoprotective as well as gastrointestinal, respiratory, reproductive, ocular, and skin protective effects through modulating signaling pathway involved in apoptosis, oxidative stress, and inflammation. In the current review, we discussed the emerging cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying therapeutic indications of chrysin in various cancers. Online databases comprising Scopus, PubMed, Embase, ProQuest, Science Direct, Web of Science, and the search engine Google Scholar were searched for available and eligible research articles. The search was conducted by using MeSH terms and keywords in title, abstract, and keywords. In conclusion, experimental studies indicated that chrysin could ameliorate cancers of the breast, gastrointestinal tract, liver and hepatocytes, bladder, male and female reproductive systems, choroid, respiratory tract, thyroid, skin, eye, brain, blood cells, leukemia, osteoblast, and lymph. However, more studies are needed to enhance the bioavailability of chrysin and evaluate this agent in clinical trial studies. Graphic abstract

The Study of Chemical Profile and Antioxidant Properties of Poplar-Type Polish Propolis Considering Local Flora Diversity in Relation to Antibacterial and Anticancer Activities in Human Breast Cancer Cells

“…Some studies indicate that aluminum ions may induce DNA damage [ 70 ], subsequently increasing cytotoxicity in MCF-7, without influence on normal human lung fibroblast or primary rat hepatocytes [ 71 ]. The beneficial flavonoids apigenin [ 72 ] and chrysin [ 73 , 74 ] with documented anticancer properties, were only identified, respectively, in samples P9 and P3/P9, respectively. However, in P9, the concentration of chrysin was 1.5 times higher compared to P3, which may also explain the high cytotoxicity (IC 50 = 0.14 µg/mL) of this sample.…”

An update of Nrf2 activators and inhibitors in cancer prevention/promotion

“…According to the literature reports, the most reliable pharmacological activities of chrysin are antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, hepatoprotective, neuroprotective, anti-aging, and anticancer effects [ 213 – 215 ]. In many studies, it has been reported that chrysin occupies an axial role in many biological process for example suppression the pro-inflammatory cytokines expression, down-regulation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), and interleukin 1β (IL-1β), up-regulation of apoptotic pathways, and inhibition of angiogenesis and metastasis formation [ 216 – 218 ]. Gao and colleagues have been reported a higher level of Nrf2 expression in BEL-7402/ADM cells.…”

Phytochemicals for the Prevention and Treatment of Renal Cell Carcinoma: Preclinical and Clinical Evidence and Molecular Mechanisms

“…Chrysin (Figure 2) is a naturally occurring flavone found in honey, propolis and flowering plants, such as the blue passionflower (Passiflora caerulea), the purple passionflower (Passiflora incarnata), and the Indian trumpet tree (Oroxylum indicum). Previously, it has exhibited antiviral, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer properties [140,141]. In an in vivo study using male Wistar rats, treatment with N-nitrosodiethylamine (DEN) and ferric nitrilotriacetate displayed massive inflammatory cell invasion with hyperchromatism, suggesting renal cancer formation.…”