Emerging conservation initiatives for lampreys: Research challenges and opportunities

Lucas, Martyn C.; Hume, John B.; Almeida, Pedro R.; Aronsuu, Kimmo; Habit, Evelyn; Silva, Sérgio; Wang, Christina J.; Zampatti, Brenton P.

doi:10.1016/j.jglr.2020.06.004

Cited by 33 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 157 publications

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“…More work needs to be done to elucidate the functional role of gut microbes during each life stage. This information may reveal new opportunities or targets for developing SL-specific control tools (Thresher et al, 2018), describing differences in growth and survival among lamprey populations (Lucas et al, 2020), or for hatchery rearing protocols for native species requiring restoration (Lampman et al, 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sea lamprey are endangered in parts of its native range in Europe (Lucas et al, 2020), but are also an invasive pest in the Laurentian Great Lakes (Marsden and Siefkes, 2019). In the Great Lakes, SL feed on the blood of ecologically and economically valued fishes, and because fishes in the Great Lakes are smaller relative to marine fishes, SL often kill their host (Smith and Tibbles, 1980).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gut Microbiota Associated With Different Sea Lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) Life Stages

et al. 2021

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Sea lamprey (SL; Petromyzon marinus), one of the oldest living vertebrates, have a complex metamorphic life cycle. Following hatching, SL transition into a microphagous, sediment burrowing larval stage, and after 2–10+ years, the larvae undergo a dramatic metamorphosis, transforming into parasitic juveniles that feed on blood and bodily fluids of fishes; adult lamprey cease feeding, spawn, and die. Since gut microbiota are critical for the overall health of all animals, we examined the microbiota associated with SLs in each life history stage. We show that there were significant differences in the gut bacterial communities associated with the larval, parasitic juvenile, and adult life stages. The transition from larval to the parasitic juvenile stage was marked with a significant shift in bacterial community structure and reduction in alpha diversity. The most abundant SL-associated phyla were Proteobacteria, Fusobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Verrucomicrobia, Actinobacteria, and Firmicutes, with their relative abundances varying among the stages. Moreover, while larval SL were enriched with unclassified Fusobacteriaceae, unclassified Verrucomicrobiales and Cetobacterium, members of the genera with fastidious nutritional requirements, such as Streptococcus, Haemophilus, Cutibacterium, Veillonella, and Massilia, were three to four orders of magnitude greater in juveniles than in larvae. In contrast, adult SLs were enriched with Aeromonas, Iodobacter, Shewanella, and Flavobacterium. Collectively, our findings show that bacterial communities in the SL gut are dramatically different among its life stages. Understanding how these communities change over time within and among SL life stages may shed more light on the role that these gut microbes play in host growth and fitness.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut Microbiota Associated With Different Sea Lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) Life Stages

et al. 2021

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“…In Europe, under the EU Habitats and Species Directive, these species are designated conservation features for many Natura 2000 protected areas (Special Areas of Conservation [SACs] in the United Kingdom and Ireland). Provision of adequate migration passage solutions for native migratory lampreys is, therefore, a global priority in lamprey conservation (Lucas et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The utility of studded ramps to restore habitat connectivity for European river lamprey ( Lampetra fluviatilis ; hereafter referred to as river lamprey) has rarely been tested and remains poorly understood (Tummers et al, 2018; Vowles et al, 2017). River lamprey and sea lamprey are of conservation importance in several countries (Lucas et al, 2020). In Europe, under the EU Habitats and Species Directive, these species are designated conservation features for many Natura 2000 protected areas (Special Areas of Conservation [SACs] in the United Kingdom and Ireland).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

River connectivity restoration for upstream‐migrating European river lamprey: The efficacy of two horizontally‐mounted studded tile designs

Lothian

Tummers

Albright

et al. 2020

River Research & Apps

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Many rivers are heavily fragmented, resulting from anthropogenic cross-channel structures. Cost-effective solutions are needed to restore habitat connectivity for migratory fishes, including those of conservation concern, such as the European river lamprey (Lampetra fluviatilis). Studded material is becoming increasingly used as a low-cost retrofit solution for lamprey passage at sloping weirs, although little is known about the efficacy of the material or what stud arrangements may be most effective. This study tested whether expanding a single-density studded tile (SDT) lane from 1 to 2-m width increased passage success (n released = 133), and also compared the passage performance between a SDT lane and a dual-density studded tile (DDT) lane (n released = 115) at a sloping weir, using PIT telemetry. No passage was recorded (n attempted = 89) at the 2-m wide SDT lane, but 61.6% (n passed/ attempted = 53/86) passed using DDT/SDT lane combination. However, increased passage efficiency was likely a result of high river flow (Q2.0-Q30.6) during DDT/SDT comparison versus low (Q8.3-Q88.5) while the 2-m wide SDT lane was employed. There was no evidence that passage occurred using solely one stud configuration. It is, therefore, hypothesised that passage of river lamprey at weirs is more dependent on flow regime than the provision of either stud configuration. However, with 46.1% (n passed/released = 53/115) of those released during DDT/SDT comparison passing on the instrumented section (10.5% of weir face), the provision of studded tiles may aid in lamprey passage at high flows, presumably as the tiles generate a low-velocity boundary layer that can be utilised as lamprey swim above the studs.

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“…Finally, the relative contribution of this new productivity in the Elwha River basin could benefit the entire region given the lack of homing in this species. Understanding the sources and sinks of production is a key question for management of all native anadromous lampreys (Lucas et al in press). Until recently, the understanding of the population dynamics of anadromous lampreys was rudimentary at best, yet such information is crucial for adaptive management of these imperiled species.…”

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confidence: 99%

Robust Recolonization of Pacific Lamprey Following Dam Removals

et al. 2020

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Removal of two dams in the Elwha River basin, Washington, started one of the largest river restoration projects ever attempted in the Pacific Northwest. These dams had eliminated Pacific Lamprey Entosphenus tridentatus populations upstream. After the dam removals, larval production increased in the upper watershed, but the sources and numbers of new adult spawners were unknown. We applied genetic stock identification (GSI), parentage assignment (PA), and sibship assignment (SA) methods to (1) determine the origins of Pacific Lamprey larvae and juveniles, (2) quantify the increase in numbers of successful Elwha River spawners (i.e., effective number of breeders [Nb]) and assess whether the current numbers of spawners have reached levels equivalent to those of neighboring undammed basins, and (3) determine the relative productivity of streams within the Elwha River and how overall productivity originating from this system may be distributed across the broader surrounding region. We utilized a highly accurate set of 263 single‐nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) loci to perform PA and SA (>99% accuracy rate) and an additional set of 28 SNPs for GSI. Our results showed that a single stream (Indian Creek) was the source of 41% of larval and juvenile production in the Elwha River. Our Nb estimates for the Elwha River indicated a 12‐fold increase in Nb during the 3 years after dam removal, with recent Nb estimates matching those of neighboring Olympic Peninsula basins. These results indicate rapid recolonization potential for this highly dispersive species, and high productivity within the Elwha River suggests that restoring passage to adequate habitat is a highly effective approach for re‐establishing populations of Pacific Lamprey in coastal systems.

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Emerging conservation initiatives for lampreys: Research challenges and opportunities

Cited by 33 publications

References 157 publications

Gut Microbiota Associated With Different Sea Lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) Life Stages

Gut Microbiota Associated With Different Sea Lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) Life Stages

River connectivity restoration for upstream‐migrating European river lamprey: The efficacy of two horizontally‐mounted studded tile designs

Robust Recolonization of Pacific Lamprey Following Dam Removals

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