Emerging Drinking Water Borne Diseases: A Review on Types, Sources and Health Precaution

Abstract

The global demand for safe drinking water become increasingly important in the past few years due to the growing world population, civilization and increase the sources of contaminations. Millions of peoples every year suffer from different waterborne disease, which may include microbial or disinfectant related diseases. This review, presents an overview on drinking water and their health impact from different aspects, going through different types of physical, chemical, and biological contaminants and their potential effect on human body upon the consumption of their contaminated water. The review also furtherly discusses drinking water treatment techniques such as chlorination, ultraviolet radiation treatment, chlorination, ozonation, heating, and ultra-filtration and the efficiency of these techniques to eliminate different water microorganisms. Drinking waterborne diseases of bacteria, viruses, parasitic protozoa and even some fungi have been also discussed. Finally, health precaution regarding drinking water in term of monitoring of different indicators as well as following the hygienic behaviors was covered to ensure the sustainability and safety of water consumption.

Green Building Techniques: Under The Umbrella of the Climate Framework Agreement

“…Rainwater harvesting captures precipitation for various non-potable purposes, while greywater recycling treats and reuses water from activities like laundry and bathing. These practices contribute to sustainable water management, reduce dependence on traditional water sources, and minimize the environmental impact associated with water consumption [38]- [41].…”