“…explore the spatial clustering patterns of CWDEs, the Global Moran's Index (GMI) and Anselin Local Moran Index (LMI) are used. The global and local autocorrelation will be discovered regarding the variables between a certain spatial region and neighboring regions(Agarwal et al 2022, Liu et al 2022, Treppiedi et al 2021. Before the clustering processes, we define a new index, the comprehensive severity index (CSI), to measure the overall performance of CWDEs.…”