Emerging principles in the design of bioengineered made-to-order plant immune receptors

Marchal, Clémence; Pai, Hsuan; Kamoun, Sophien; Kourelis, Jiorgos

doi:10.1016/j.pbi.2022.102311

Cited by 24 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 77 publications

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“…This could in theory be applied to other plant, metazoan or even prokaryotic NLR immune receptors that are directly targeted by parasite effectors ( 12, 15, 16, 24 ). Combined with recent advances in NLR engineering to achieve novel pathogen recognition specificities ( 18, 28 ), this technology holds the potential to unlock a new era in disease resistance breeding.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the exact biochemical mechanisms by which pathogen effectors compromise NLR-mediated immunity to promote disease remain largely unknown. Moreover, whereas multiple strategies to bioengineer novel effector recognition specificities in NLRs have been proposed in recent years ( 18 ), approaches to mitigate the impact of effector-mediated immune suppression of NLRs are lacking.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Resurrection of plant disease resistance proteins via helper NLR bioengineering

Contreras

Pai

Selvaraj

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Parasites counteract host immunity by suppressing helper NLR proteins that function as central nodes in immune receptor networks. Understanding the mechanisms of immunosuppression can lead to strategies for bioengineering disease resistance. Here, we show that a cyst nematode virulence effector binds and inhibits oligomerization of the helper NLR protein NRC2 by physically preventing intramolecular rearrangements required for activation. A single amino acid polymorphism at the binding interface between NRC2 and the inhibitor is sufficient for this helper NLR to evade immune suppression, thereby restoring the activity of multiple disease resistance genes. This points to a novel strategy for resurrecting disease resistance in crop genomes.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resurrection of plant disease resistance proteins via helper NLR bioengineering

Contreras

Pai

Selvaraj

et al. 2022

Preprint

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, the exact biochemical mechanisms by which pathogen effectors compromise NLR-mediated immunity to promote disease remain largely unknown. Moreover, whereas multiple strategies to bioengineer effector recognition specificities in NLRs have been proposed in recent years ( 18 ), approaches to mitigate the impact of effector-mediated immune suppression of NLRs are lacking.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resurrection of plant disease resistance proteins via helper NLR bioengineering

et al. 2023

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Parasites counteract host immunity by suppressing helper nucleotide binding and leucine-rich repeat (NLR) proteins that function as central nodes in immune receptor networks. Understanding the mechanisms of immunosuppression can lead to strategies for bioengineering disease resistance. Here, we show that a cyst nematode virulence effector binds and inhibits oligomerization of the helper NLR protein NRC2 by physically preventing intramolecular rearrangements required for activation. An amino acid polymorphism at the binding interface between NRC2 and the inhibitor is sufficient for this helper NLR to evade immune suppression, thereby restoring the activity of multiple disease resistance genes. This points to a potential strategy for resurrecting disease resistance in crop genomes.

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“…Pii-2 indirectly recognizes the M. oryzae effector AVR-Pii via a complex between rice EXO70 (a subunit of the exocyst complex) and the NOI domain of Pii-2 [31,79,80]. The integrated domains of these rice sensor NLRs have been used for protein engineering to confer broad-spectrum resistance [81][82][83][84][85][86][87][88][89].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disentangling the complex gene interaction networks between rice and the blast fungus identifies a new pathogen effector

et al. 2023

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Studies focused solely on single organisms can fail to identify the networks underlying host–pathogen gene-for-gene interactions. Here, we integrate genetic analyses of rice (Oryza sativa, host) and rice blast fungus (Magnaporthe oryzae, pathogen) and uncover a new pathogen recognition specificity of the rice nucleotide-binding domain and leucine-rich repeat protein (NLR) immune receptor Pik, which mediates resistance to M. oryzae expressing the avirulence effector gene AVR-Pik. Rice Piks-1, encoded by an allele of Pik-1, recognizes a previously unidentified effector encoded by the M. oryzae avirulence gene AVR-Mgk1, which is found on a mini-chromosome. AVR-Mgk1 has no sequence similarity to known AVR-Pik effectors and is prone to deletion from the mini-chromosome mediated by repeated Inago2 retrotransposon sequences. AVR-Mgk1 is detected by Piks-1 and by other Pik-1 alleles known to recognize AVR-Pik effectors; recognition is mediated by AVR-Mgk1 binding to the integrated heavy metal-associated (HMA) domain of Piks-1 and other Pik-1 alleles. Our findings highlight how complex gene-for-gene interaction networks can be disentangled by applying forward genetics approaches simultaneously to the host and pathogen. We demonstrate dynamic coevolution between an NLR integrated domain and multiple families of effector proteins.

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Emerging principles in the design of bioengineered made-to-order plant immune receptors

Cited by 24 publications

References 77 publications

Resurrection of plant disease resistance proteins via helper NLR bioengineering

Resurrection of plant disease resistance proteins via helper NLR bioengineering

Resurrection of plant disease resistance proteins via helper NLR bioengineering

Disentangling the complex gene interaction networks between rice and the blast fungus identifies a new pathogen effector

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