Emotional impact, task performance and task load of green walls exposure in a virtual environment

Abstract

Recently, due to the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, most countries around the world have issued "stay-at-home" orders to restrict people's face-to-face activities. Social changes (e.g., social distancing, non-contact culture, and telecommuting) due to COVID-19 drastically increased the time people spent indoors. 1,2 The decrease in outdoor activities, increase in social isolation, and fear of COVID-19 contagion have adversely affected human mental health, subsequently becoming a major cause of insomnia, depression, and suicide. [3][4][5] Accordingly, the role of visual elements of indoor environments that can restore human mental health has become important.The application of natural elements (e.g., indoor plants, indoor gardens, green walls, and green roofs) as a method of creating healthy indoor environments is increasing. 6 Biophilic design, which uses elements of nature as architectural elements of interior spaces, recently received attention and is included as a key design item in green building certifications such as the WELL Building Standard, the Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design, and the Green Standard for Energy and Environmental Design. [7][8][9] Biophilic design began to attract attention from the book "The Biophilia Hypothesis" written by Stephen Kellert and E. O. Wilson in 1993. 10 Its visual role can be explained by various environmental psychological theories (e.g., the Stress Recovery Theory and the Attention Restoration Theory).

Relationship between psycho-physiological indicators and task performance under various indoor space designs for telecommuting environment by introducing mixed-reality

“…The dimensions of the 3D model are the same as that of the actual room. The temperature and humidity of all experimental rooms were adjusted to 23 ± 0.4 °C and 41 ± 2%, respectively, based on the ASHRAE guidelines to provide proper conditions for human occupancy 17 , 18 . To show the MR environment to experimenters, a representative hardware device, Hololens 2, was used.…”

Relationship between Psycho-physiological Indicators and Task Performance under Various Indoor Space Designs for Telecommuting Environment by Introducing Mixed-Reality

“…When the participants were deemed t to participate in the experiment, they were trained on how to operate Hololens 2 to adapt the MR environment. Cognitive test was performed using a computer to prevent learning effect (Yeom et al 2022). Moreover, the subjects were set to adapt to the devices prior to the study to obtain the EEG and HRV data for this research.…”

“…The procedures of the one-way RM ANOVA are as follows: (i) normality (ii) homoscedasticity of the dependent variable, and (ii) sphericity. However, if normality was not satis ed, one of the non-parametric statistic method, Friedman's test, was performed (Yeom et al 2022). First, even though the 30 subjects participated in this study, as required by the Central Limit Theorem to assume normality, tests of normality, such as the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test (K-S test) and the Shapiro-Wilk test, were conducted.…”

Analysis of the impact of urban summer high temperatures and outdoor activity duration on residents' emotional health: Taking hostility as an example

“…In the future, more in-depth research on the relationship between physiological indicators and psychological and emotional health will help to better understand people's mental health and emotional health. At the same time, there are many factors that affect emotional health besides temperature, such as sound, vision, heat, smell, etc (36)(37)(38). The coupling effect of multiple factors on emotions can be explored in the future.…”

“…As a consequence, natural sounds were indicated as vital factors in easing stress recovery ( 37 ). The same visual and odor can also have an impact on people's emotions ( 38 – 40 ). The thermal environment has a more complex effect on emotional wellbeing ( 41 ).…”