Empathy and attitudes about substance abuse among social work students, clinical social workers, &amp; nurses

Lawrence, Shawn A.; Cicale, Coleen; Wharton, Tracy; Chapple, Reshawna; Stewart, Chris; Burg, Mary Ann

doi:10.1080/1533256x.2021.1922038

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…All 17 observational studies included reported some HCP or trainee SUD stigma (Table 2; see Supplement Digital Appendix 5 at http://links.lww.com/ACADMED/B473 for detailed quantitative results). Among studies that only assessed SUD stigma, stigma was either at the scale midrange 20,22,23,26,28 or lower than the scale midrange 21,26,28,33,43,44 . Among studies with comparison groups, stigma for SUDs was similar or worse than stigma for other chronic conditions.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…We reviewed 201 full-text articles and excluded 167. We included 32 unique articles: 17 prevalence studies (in 17 articles) and 15 intervention studies (in 16 articles) 17–48 . Two articles described shorter- and longer-term outcomes of the same intervention study 24,25 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among studies that only assessed SUD stigma, stigma was either at the scale midrange 20,22,23,26,28 or lower than the scale midrange. 21,26,28,33,43,44 Among studies with comparison groups, stigma for SUDs was similar or worse than stigma for other chronic conditions. Stigma against SUDs was higher than stigma for other conditions in 2 studies, 18,40 whereas SUD stigma was similar to stigma against other conditions in 4 studies.…”

Section: Prevalence and Extent Of Stigmamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Stigma Against Patients With Substance Use Disorders Among Health Care Professionals and Trainees and Stigma-Reducing Interventions: A Systematic Review

Magnan,

Weyrich,

Miller

et al. 2023

Acad Med

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Purpose In this systematic review, the authors examine the prevalence and extent of stigmatizing attitudes among health care professionals (HCPs) and trainees against patients with substance use disorders (SUDs), including research on interventions to reduce stigma. Method The authors searched 7 databases for articles published from January 1, 2011, through February 15, 2023, that quantified SUD stigma among HCPs or trainees. Inclusion criteria allowed both observational and intervention studies from the United States or Canada to be included in this review. Quality assessment was applied to all included studies; studies were not excluded based on quality. Results A total of 1,992 unique articles were identified of which 32 articles (17 observational studies and 15 intervention studies), all conducted in the United States, met the inclusion criteria. Half of the included studies (16 of 32) were published in 2020 or later. Most of the intervention studies (13 of 15) used a single-group pre-post design; interventions involved didactics and/or interactions with persons with SUDs. The 32 included studies used a total of 19 different measures of stigma. All 17 observational studies showed some degree of HCP or trainee stigma against patients with SUDs. Most intervention studies (12 of 15) found small but statistically significant reductions in stigma after intervention. Conclusions SUD stigma exists among HCPs and trainees. Some interventions to reduce this stigma had positive impacts, but future studies with larger, diverse participants and comparison groups are needed. Heterogeneity among studies and stigma measures limits the ability to interpret results across studies. Future rigorous research is needed to determine validated, consensus measures of SUD stigma among HCPs and trainees, identify stigma scores that are associated with clinical outcomes, and develop effective antistigma interventions for HCPs and trainees.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Prevalence and Extent Of Stigmamentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Stigma Against Patients With Substance Use Disorders Among Health Care Professionals and Trainees and Stigma-Reducing Interventions: A Systematic Review

Magnan,

Weyrich,

Miller

et al. 2023

Acad Med

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“…29 Our participants' responses to the open-ended questions revealed that many nurses had difficulty feeling empathy toward patients with SUD, a finding in keeping with results from other studies. [30][31][32] Difficulty empathizing with such patients can occur when providers confuse a patient's undesirable behaviors with the underlying disease of addiction. 33 Moreover, several of our study participants indicated feeling not only that their patients' drug use was an intentional choice, but also that the health care system perpetuates patients' dependency.…”

Section: Nurses' Attitudesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Original Research: Nurses' Self-Assessed Knowledge, Attitudes, and Educational Needs Regarding Patients with Substance Use Disorder

Kratovil

Schuler

Vottero

et al. 2023

AJN, American Journal of Nursing

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Background:Substance use disorder (SUD) is a chronic illness, but it's often seen as an intentional choice rather than as a disease. People with SUD are frequently stigmatized, leading to disparate care. Findings from previous studies have indicated that nurses feel inadequately prepared to care for, and tend to have negative attitudes toward, patients with SUD. But it's unknown what kind of education would better prepare nurses caring for this patient population, or whether these negative attitudes vary across practice settings.Purpose and design:This observational, cross-sectional, mixed-methods study sought to explore nurses' self-assessed knowledge of and attitudes toward caring for patients with SUD (whether formally diagnosed or not) in hospital settings across the United States. A secondary aim was to determine nurses' educational preferences and needs in this area.Methods:Data were collected over a three-month period in early 2020, using the online social networking platform Facebook. All participants were nurses working in hospital settings throughout the United States. Participants were surveyed using two tools: the Drug and Drug Problems Perceptions Questionnaire, and another questionnaire that included open-ended questions regarding nurses' SUD-related education and their experiences and perceived needs in caring for patients with SUD. Quantitative data were analyzed using analysis of variance and post hoc Tukey tests. Qualitative data were analyzed using thematic analysis.Results:A total of 691 nurses participated. Nurses reported having been educated in SUD but wanted additional face-to-face education from mental health specialists. The nurses working on mental health units had significantly more positive attitudes toward caring for patients with SUD than nurses on other units. Older nurses had significantly more positive attitudes toward patients with SUD than younger nurses. Qualitative analysis uncovered four themes: unmet needs, personal experiences inform care, personal beliefs inform perceptions, and judgmental attitudes.Conclusions:Study findings indicate that, in general, hospital nurses have negative attitudes toward patients with SUD. The results further reaffirm the need for empathy-based nursing education for nurses who care for these patients. Participants expressed a preference for face-to-face training by mental health specialists experienced in SUD. Given the increasing prevalence of SUD and the expected retirement of older nurses, it is urgent that we prioritize empathy-based nursing education, particularly for newer-to-practice nurses, in order to improve nurses' attitudes and ensure best care for patients with SUD.

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“…Empathic care is associated with more efficient, cost-effective healthcare (improved diagnostic accuracy) and increased provider trust [15][16][17]. Although no consensus definition of clinical empathy exists, empathy among current and future healthcare providers has been measured and the impact of both cognitive and affective elements of relationship-centered communication, a proxy for empathy, has been studied [1,[18][19][20][21][22][23]. Studies suggest that healthcare worker empathy is associated with lower malpractice claims rates, job satisfaction, and reduced burnout [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid Scoping Review: Empathy in Health Sciences Curriculum

Robinson,

Meluski,

Hellem

et al. 2023

Healthcare

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Empathy, the process of coming to know, understand, and care for another person, is a skill that can be learned; however, there is not a shared definition of empathy or understanding of how to operationalize empathy into practice. Healthcare worker empathy has been shown to have a beneficial effect on both patient health outcomes and the emotional wellness of healthcare workers. Empathic care is associated with more efficient, cost-effective, improved healthcare, and increased provider trust. The purpose of this rapid scoping review is to identify, compare, and contrast empathy training offered to select healthcare professional students (e.g., nurses, nurse practitioners, and pharmacists) as part of the general curriculum or as an elective. We utilized a rapid scoping review approach to identify potentially relevant peer-reviewed articles and studies for inclusion. Six electronic databases were searched, including: MEDLINE; EMBASE; PUBMed; CINAHL; EBSCOHOST; and ERIC, covering the past 10 years. A total of 4977 citations, 3480 abstracts, and 428 papers were screened. Fifty studies fulfilled the eligibility criteria. Of those, 21 primarily non-randomized experimental studies published between 2012 and 2021 were included in the final review. Over 80 percent of the training took place in the classroom setting and utilized active learning strategies. There is little consensus on how to best train future healthcare providers to provide empathic care to patients.

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Empathy and attitudes about substance abuse among social work students, clinical social workers, & nurses

Cited by 5 publications

References 36 publications

Stigma Against Patients With Substance Use Disorders Among Health Care Professionals and Trainees and Stigma-Reducing Interventions: A Systematic Review

Stigma Against Patients With Substance Use Disorders Among Health Care Professionals and Trainees and Stigma-Reducing Interventions: A Systematic Review

Original Research: Nurses' Self-Assessed Knowledge, Attitudes, and Educational Needs Regarding Patients with Substance Use Disorder

Rapid Scoping Review: Empathy in Health Sciences Curriculum

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