“…Using DL enabled it to extract spatial and temporal features from the input data and combine local features with global ones, which ML algorithms such as SVM or simpler ANN structures could not. MPL applications with more than one hidden layer only started to become prevalent in recent years, as seen in (Abbass, Lis, & Mushtaq, 2023;Ali, El-Amary, Ibrahim, & Mekhamer, 2015;Anderson et al, 2023;Bahmanyar & Karami, 2014;Gurung, Naetiladdanon, & Sangswang, 2021;Hashiesh, Mostafa, Khatib, Helal, & Mansour, 2012;Hossain & Kumar, 2023;Krishnan & Thampatty, 2020;Naderi et al, 2023;Ren & Xu, 2019;Sepehr, Gomis-Bellmunt, & Pouresmaeil, 2022;Shah & Verma, 2016;Tang et al, 2017;Y. Wang & Pal, 2023;R.…”