Empowered but not Equal: Challenging the Traditional Gender Roles as Seen by University Students in Saudi Arabia

Al-bakr, Fawziah; Bruce, Elizabeth R.; Davidson, Petrina M.; Schlaffer, Edit; Kropiunigg, Ulrich

doi:10.18275/fire201704011083

Cited by 26 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Moreover, the item of " I have the opportunity to participate in social activities " was ranked fourth with a mean of ( 2.44), the item of " my present life is better than my past life " was ranked fifth with a mean of ( 2.39), and "I get the social support I need" was ranked sixth with a mean of (2.38). This result is consistent with Al- Bakr et al (2017) that the present generation accepts the change of gender roles and admits woman's rights in education, employment and public activity. Al-Zahrani (2020) showed a correlation between quality of life, social support, and self-efficacy.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 87%

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Impact of the National Transformation Programs on the Life Quality of the Saudi Woman: A Study Applied to Riyadh

Alhazzani

2021

JESR

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The present paper aimed to identify the impact of the national transformation programs on the life of the Saudi woman. The paper was applied to a sample of (381) Saudi women. The results showed that the programs have changed the life of woman and contributed to woman empowerment. The most influential programs allowed the woman to drive a car, changed the regulations of civil affairs; travel documents and work, participation in decision-making, holding leading positions, and enacting laws against harassment, violence and abuse. Moreover, there was a positive correlation between national transformation programs, which reinforce woman self-reliance, and improving life quality. Furthermore, there was a statistically significant positive correlation between national transformation programs and the woman’s increasing sense of satisfaction with the community, quality of life and enjoyment, as well as security. In addition, these programs maximized woman responsibilities, so she could hardly manage her time. Moreover, full-time jobs negatively affected her life and weakened her social relations. The paper recommends providing the Saudi woman with adequate support to best fulfill her roles, implementing programs and initiatives that help cascade legal awareness, and increasing the adoption of STEM system, which integrates science, technology, engineering and mathematics, to prepare Saudi women for future jobs. Received: 15 December 2020 / Accepted: 31 January 2021 / Published: 5 March 2021

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 87%

“…This result is consistent with Al- Bakr et al (2017) that the current generation accepts changing gender roles and accepts women's rights in education, employment and public activity. The item of "the present lifestyle negatively affects social relationships" was ranked seventh with a mean of (2.13).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 87%

Impact of the National Transformation Programs on the Life Quality of the Saudi Woman: A Study Applied to Riyadh

Alhazzani

2021

JESR

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“…This accomplishment can be included as a core expectation from users given that online learning through smart devices reduces the effort and time required to complete learning tasks and reflects academic performance as accurately as possible [36], [41]. Effort is a concern of the target users, and the statistical results indicated that expected effort is significantly associated with both genders.…”

Section: A Effects Of Gendermentioning

confidence: 98%

Determine the Main Target Audience Characteristics in M-learning Applications in Saudi Arabian University Communities

Badwelan¹,

Bahaddad²

2021

IJACSA

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In the fourth economic revolution, which is based on digital transformation, the e-learning process represents one of the most important processes needed to deal with the revolution through increased skills and knowledge. Thus, the automation services in the e-learning field represent one of the most important and supportive means of transferring and disseminating knowledge to reach a diverse and wide segment. This study focuses on defining the parameters and characteristics of the target audience, who are interested in the e-learning method, through smart device applications in higher education institutions in Saudi Arabia. The study used a quantitative method and data collected from 539 participants from several universities and institutes to determine their characteristics. The study segment represents one of the basic aspects of and full motivations for accepting new technology; 70% of Saudi smart device users form the youth segment, which is the university age group. This is the category that is expected to have the most use of e-learning in light of the coronavirus pandemic, which has cast a shadow over the six continents of the world. This approach could help the adoption of M-learning applications by the target audience according to a number of technical and design requirements, which are presented in this study.

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“…Saudi women are entering the workforces, participating as leaders in university education. These phenomena are examples of women transitioning to decision making roles (Al-bakr, Bruce, Davidson, Schlaffer, & Kropiunigg, 2017). Such engagement of women in the economic exercise is proven has positive impacts on the national economy as well as household wellbeing of Saudi (Nisreen & Nadia, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Workplace Barriers and Leadership Conflicts Experienced by the Women in Higher Education in Saudi Arabia

Alsubhi¹,

Hoque²,

Razak³

2018

IJLD

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Based on the published scholarly works, this paper attempts to explore and accumulate the challenges and barriers that Saudi women leaders in higher education are experiencing in their professional lives. For this purpose, literature review method has been adopted. Relevant scholarly articles published in 2004 to 2017 have been rigorously studied and cited. Findings of this paper suggest that women leaders in higher education generally experience assorted challenges, such as 1) socio-cultural, 2) organizational, 3) economical and 4) personal. They also encounter eight workplace berries, such as 1) gender-based stereotypes, 2) work-life conflict, 3) self-imposed constraints, 4) social network limitations, 5) biased organizational policies, 6) non-gender-based discrimination, 7) inadequate qualification and 8) minimal existing representation. The findings also suggest that these challenges and barriers decrease the job-performances of the women leaders while igniting conflicts with their male counterparts. This paper can be helpful to the policy maker in formulating effective solutions for women leadership conflicts in Saudi Arabia. Besides, it may create new scopes for the researchers and academicians to conduct empirical studies in this very realm.

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Empowered but not Equal: Challenging the Traditional Gender Roles as Seen by University Students in Saudi Arabia

Cited by 26 publications

References 14 publications

Impact of the National Transformation Programs on the Life Quality of the Saudi Woman: A Study Applied to Riyadh

Impact of the National Transformation Programs on the Life Quality of the Saudi Woman: A Study Applied to Riyadh

Determine the Main Target Audience Characteristics in M-learning Applications in Saudi Arabian University Communities

Workplace Barriers and Leadership Conflicts Experienced by the Women in Higher Education in Saudi Arabia

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