EMS systems in Germany

Abgestufte präklinische Notfallversorgung – Modell Graz

“…In der Diskussion von Strategien zur Optimierung der Notfallversorgung wird gerne das angloamerikanische Modell eines "Paramedics-System" [6,8] dem frankogermanischen "Notarztsystem" kontradiktorisch gegenübergestellt [11,13]. Sehr oft werden die beiden Modelle im gegenseitigen Ausschluss betrachtet und auch durchaus emotional diskutiert.…”

Stroke and the emergency medical services – enhancing performance within the chain of survival

“…('Anglo-American') (Pozner et al 2004, Symons & Schuster 2004, Black & Davies 2005, MacFarlane et al 2005) and physician-based ('FrancoGerman') models (Adnet & Lapostolle 2004, Gomes et al 2004, Langhelle et al 2004, Papaspyrou et al 2004, Roessler & Zuzan 2006. However, national and regional variation does occur and many EMS systems utilize elements from both models.…”

Pre‐hospital cardiac arrest and induction of mild hypothermia: studies on epidemiology and feasibility

“…In most countries, the systems are based on basic life support (BLS)-level responders such as fire-fighters and emergency medical technicians (EMTs). Commonly, these responders provide BLS and automated external defibrillation (AED) but do not administrate medications or initiate thrombolysis (Campbell et al 2005;Ellis and Sorene 2008;Koichi and Keiichi 2006;Papaspyrou et al 2004;Roessler and Zuzan 2006;Symons and Shuster 2004).…”

“…In Australia, Israel and most countries in Europe physician-staffed systems are common (Black and Davies 2005;Ellis and Sorene 2008;Langhelle et al 2004;Papaspyrou et al 2004;Roessler and Zuzan 2006;Trevithick et al 2003) whereas in United States a paramedic-oriented approach is standard nowadays (Pozner et al 2004). The repertoire of emergency interventions of a trained prehospital physician is more extensive than that of a paramedic, involving invasive procedures and advanced use of medications (Lossius et al 2002).…”