Emulsion‐Based Delivery Systems for Lipophilic Bioactive Components

McClements, David Julian; Decker, Eric A.; Weiß, Jochen

doi:10.1111/j.1750-3841.2007.00507.x

Cited by 896 publications

(531 citation statements)

References 135 publications

(235 reference statements)

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“…A mean value of above or below ±30 is considered a reasonable cut off for systems to retain their stability by maintaining their constituent droplets in the dispersed state [31] . Zeta potential acts as an important determinant for delivery systems [32] and can be applied in favorable context in this study.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Azadirachta indica A. Juss Based Emollient Cream for Potential Dermatological Applications

Banerjee¹,

Thiagarajan²

2016

pharmaceutical-sciences

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Banerjee, et al.: Novel Neem Oil Emollient CreamAzadirachta indica A. Juss (Neem) is widely regarded to be an important medicinal tree whose parts and extracts are known to cure several ailments since the Vedic era. But knowledge regarding their concoctions and dosages has remained largely esoteric. Dilute neem oil emulsions are used to deliver active ingredients to body parts by the topical route of administration. This possibly attenuates its dose dumping and concentration related noxious effects to a large extent. However, almost all such products incorporate synthetic organic and bio hazardous chemicals for purposes of formulation and stability, posing ultimate risks to the user. Hence in the present study, an emollient cream using 10% neem oil and an arachidyl glucoside emulsifier of completely biological origin has been formulated. Octa and hexadecanoic acid derivatives were the major fatty acid components identified in the oil. The creamy white product showed a mean particle size of 137 nm and a Z average of 19 nm, with a polydispersity index of 0.245. Zeta potential and electrophoretic mobility were measured as -47.2 and -0.000328 cm 2 /Vs, respectively thus conferring good stability. FTIR analysis revealed the incidence of extensive hydrogen bonding in its structure and SEM image captured its undulating surface topography. The emollient cream was not susceptible to cracking, creaming or phase separation even after a period of 180 days, when stored at 37° or under low speed centrifugation. Similar results were observed when it was stored at 40°, 4° and -18° for three days and brought to 37° for three cycles. It is concluded that this novel potentially non-toxic neem oil emollient cream can either be used per se or as a base matrix for loading active ingredients and hence function as an efficient delivery system for the same.Key words: Azadirachta indica, neem oil, arachidyl glucoside, emollient cream, delivery system Azadirachta indica A. Juss, commonly known as neem or Indian lilac, belongs to Meliaceae family. Most parts of this plant, including its seed oil, have been traditionally valuable for their potent antimicrobial, antiinflammatory, antipyretic, analgesic, immunostimulatory, antiulcerous and antioxidant effects [1,2] . Its vital constituents are the triterpenoid azadirachtin complex, protomeliacins, limonoids, gedunin and its derivatives, vilasinin and c-secomeliacins like nimbin, salanin and dihydrochalcone, flavonoids, coumarin and tannins [3,4] . Along with a dozen minor azadirachtin analogs, they contribute to the overall efficacy of the oil when incorporated in cosmetic, cosmeceutical and pharmaceutical formulations [5] . The oil has been considered non-toxic and safe to mammalian species till a dosage of 5000 mg/kg of body weight. But the probability of risk due to its usage in concentrated form is of considerable concern as reported from several studies [6][7][8][9] . Hence, its crude and concentrated forms may pose limitations with respect to handling, usage and dose dumping, raising to...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Azadirachta indica A. Juss Based Emollient Cream for Potential Dermatological Applications

Banerjee¹,

Thiagarajan²

2016

pharmaceutical-sciences

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“…Multilayer oil-in-water (M-O/W) emulsions are O/W emulsions consisting of oil droplets coated with multiple layers of emulsifier and/or biopolymer molecules (McClements, 2015;McClements et al, 2007). The surface charge, permeability to different species, digestibility, responsiveness to external triggers, and wettability of interfacial layers can be controlled to create M-O/W emulsions suitable for encapsulation and controlled release of bioactives and coating applications (Nazir et al 2012).…”

Section: Integration Of Membrane Emulsification and Interfacial Layermentioning

confidence: 99%

Structured microparticles with tailored properties produced by membrane emulsification

Vladisavljević

2015

Advances in Colloid and Interface Science

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This paper provides an overview of membrane emulsification routes for fabrication of structured microparticles with tailored properties for specific applications. Direct (bottom-up) and premix (top-down) membrane emulsification processes are discussed including operational, formulation and membrane factors that control the droplet size and droplet generation regimes. A special emphasis was put on different methods of controlled shear generation on membrane surface, such as cross flow on the membrane surface, swirl flow, forward and backward flow pulsations in the continuous phase and membrane oscillations and rotations. Droplets produced by membrane emulsification can be used for synthesis of particles with versatile morphology (solid and hollow, matrix and core/shell, spherical and non-spherical, porous and coherent, composite and homogeneous), which can be surface functionalised and coated or loaded with macromolecules, nanoparticles, quantum dots, drugs, phase change materials and high molecular weight gases to achieve controlled/targeted drug release and impart special optical, chemical, electrical, acoustic, thermal and magnetic properties. The template emulsions including metal-in-oil, solid-in-oil-in-water, oil-in-oil, multilayer, and Pickering emulsions can be produced with high encapsulation efficiency of encapsulated materials and narrow size distribution and transformed into structured particles using a variety of different processes, such as polymerisation (suspension, mini-emulsion, interfacial and in-situ), ionic gelation, chemical crosslinking, melt solidification, internal phase separation, layer-by-layer electrostatic deposition, particle self-assembly, complex coacervation, spray drying, sol-gel processing, and molecular imprinting. Particles fabricated from droplets produced by membrane emulsification include nanoclusters, colloidosomes, carbon aerogel particles, nanoshells, polymeric (molecularly imprinted, hypercrosslinked, Janus and core/shell) particles, solder metal powders and inorganic particles. Membrane 2 emulsification devices operate under constant temperature due to low shear rates on the membrane surface, which range from (1−10) × 10 3 s −1 in a direct process to (1−10) × 10 4 s −1 in a premix process.Keywords: Membrane Emulsification; Polymeric microsphere; Microgel; Janus Particle; Core/Shell Particle, Colloidosome. Membrane emulsificationMembrane emulsification (ME) involves preparation of emulsions by pressing a pure dispersed phase or pre-emulsified mixture of the dispersed and continuous phase through a microporous membrane under controlled injection rate and shear conditions. In direct membrane emulsification (DME), one liquid (a dispersed phase) is injected through a microporous membrane into another immiscible liquid (the continuous phase) (Nakashima et al., 1991;, which leads to the formation of droplets at the membrane/continuous phase interface ( Figure 1a). In premix membrane emulsification (PME) (Figure 1b), a pre-emulsion is pressed through the membrane (...

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“…This procedure can be repeated to form oil droplets coated by 3 or more interfacial layers. The charge, thickness, responsiveness to external triggers, and permeability of interfacial layers can be controlled to create delivery systems suitable for protection, encapsulation, and controlled release of different types of active components [18]. Tables 1 and 2 summarise preparation of two-layer and three-layer emulsions by the LbL deposition technique, the ξ-potential of primary, secondary, and tertiary emulsion being denoted by ξ 1 , ξ 2 , and ξ 3 , respectively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modification of interfacial characteristics of monodisperse droplets produced using membrane emulsification by surfactant displacement and/or polyelectrolyte electrostatic deposition

Vladisavljević

McClements

2010

Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspect

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Emulsion‐Based Delivery Systems for Lipophilic Bioactive Components

Cited by 896 publications

References 135 publications

Azadirachta indica A. Juss Based Emollient Cream for Potential Dermatological Applications

Azadirachta indica A. Juss Based Emollient Cream for Potential Dermatological Applications

Structured microparticles with tailored properties produced by membrane emulsification

Modification of interfacial characteristics of monodisperse droplets produced using membrane emulsification by surfactant displacement and/or polyelectrolyte electrostatic deposition

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