Emulsion Properties and Phase Equilibrium and of New Asymmetric Gemini Surfactants Consisting of Fatty Acid Esters of Polyethoxylated Alcohol or Phenol

Abstract

The emulsion and phase properties of watersurfactant systems are reported for nonionic surface active compounds of the asymmetrical gemini type resulting from the esterification of a polyethoxylated alcohol and a fatty acid. These products exhibit typical gemini surfactant properties, in particular, low critical micelle concentration (CMC) and good emulsifying properties, and they often form a gel depending on the temperature and concentration.

Gemini Pyridinium Surfactants: Synthesis and Their Surface Active Properties

“…In order to achieve these objectives, it is necessary to use renewable low-cost materials that are available in large quantities and to design molecular structures that shows improved performance, favorable properties and reduced environmental impact. [6][7][8][9]. The new class of Gemini cationic surfactants is a response to the increasing consumer demand for the products.…”

Synthesis, Characterization and Evaluation of the Surface Active Properties of Novel Cationic Imidazolium Gemini Surfactants

“…They are more surface active and have much lower CMC value than their monomeric counterpart [4,5]. Because of the vast number of their applications, gemini surfactants continue to gain widespread interest in modern research and for various applications [6,7].…”

Synthesis and Properties of Dissymmetric Gemini Surfactants

“…In recent years, a new class of gemini surfactants, dissymmetric gemini surfactants that posses two identical head groups but two hydrocarbon chains with different lengths [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19], appeared and gained much attention. They are in general abbreviated as n-s-m, where s represents the number of carbon atoms in the spacer, and n and m refer to the numbers of carbon atoms in two acids, respectively.…”