Encephalopathy with status epilepticus during slow sleep: “The Penelope syndrome”

Tassinari, C. A.; Cantalupo, Gaetano; Ríos-Pohl, Loreto; Giustina, Elvio Della; Rubboli, Guido

doi:10.1111/j.1528-1167.2009.02209.x

Cited by 152 publications

(181 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Posttraumatic epilepsy (PTE) is among the most common form of acquired epilepsy in humans 5. The onset of seizures after TBI has been categorized into immediate (<24 hours after TBI), early (within a week after TBI), and late (>1 week after TBI) onset 5.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The onset of seizures after TBI has been categorized into immediate (<24 hours after TBI), early (within a week after TBI), and late (>1 week after TBI) onset 5. Focal brain lesions in the frontal, temporal and parietal lobes, bilateral contusions, depressed fractures, midline shift >5 mm, subdural hematomas, decreased brain volume, intraparenchymal hemorrhage, and occurrence of seizures within the first week after TBI are important risk factors for PTE in humans 5, 6, 7, 8. Traumatic brain injury in dogs recently has been associated with significant risk of developing PTE with an incidence up to 6.8% 9, 10.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Prognostic Value of Early Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Dogs after Traumatic Brain Injury: 50 Cases

Beltrán

Platt

McConnell

et al. 2014

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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BackgroundThe prognostic value of early magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in dogs after traumatic brain injury (TBI) remains unclear.ObjectivesDetermine whether MRI findings are associated with prognosis after TBI in dogs.AnimalsFifty client‐owned dogs.MethodsRetrospective study of dogs with TBI that underwent 1.5T MRI within 14 days after head trauma. MRI evaluators were blinded to the clinical presentation, and all images were scored based on an MRI grading system (Grade I [normal brain parenchyma] to Grade VI [bilateral lesions affecting the brainstem with or without any lesions of lesser grade]). Skull fractures, percentage of intraparenchymal lesions, degree of midline shift, and type of brain herniation were evaluated. MGCS was assessed at presentation. The presence of seizures was recorded. Outcome was assessed at 48 h (alive or dead) and at 3, 6, 12, and 24 months after TBI.ResultsSixty‐six percent of the dogs had abnormal MRI findings. MRI grade was negatively correlated (P < .001) with MGCS. A significant negative correlation of MRI grade, degree of midline shift, and percentage of intraparenchymal lesions with follow‐up scores was identified. The MGCS was lower in dogs with brain herniation (P = .0191). Follow‐up scores were significantly lower in dogs that had brain herniation or skull fractures. The possibility of having seizures was associated with higher percentage of intraparenchymal lesions (P = 0.0054) and 10% developed PTE.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceSignificant associations exist between MRI findings and prognosis in dogs with TBI. MRI can help to predict prognosis in dogs with TBI.

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confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Prognostic Value of Early Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Dogs after Traumatic Brain Injury: 50 Cases

Beltrán

Platt

McConnell

et al. 2014

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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“…Moreover, the age of onset may be as early as 18-22 months and as late as 13-14 years. 15 The most prominent characteristic of this syndrome is an acquired aphasia. This type of aphasia can be described as a verbal auditory agnosia, which is the failure to give a semantic significance to the different sounds.…”

Section: Landau Kleffner Syndromementioning

confidence: 99%

Landau Kleffner Syndrome and Misdiagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Mini-Review

Zafari

Karimi

Taherian

et al. 2018

Int Clin Neurosci J

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“…At least 50% of patients remain severely impaired (Loddenkemper et al, 2011;Tassinari et al, 2000;Nickels and Wirelli, 2008). A good correlation exists between the cortical localisation of discharges and the disrupted function (Tassinari et al, 2009). …”

Section: Relations With Neuropsychological Impairmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We can assume that the development is a stepwise procedure in which kindling like learning process take place and the enduring persistence of the discharges interferes with memory consolidation and obstacle plastic function of NREM sleep (Tassinari et al, 2009;Cantalupo et al, 2011;Bölsterli et al, 2011;Bigna et al, 2014).…”

Section: Conclusion and Syndromological Embedding Of Esesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Encephalopathy with Electrical Status Epilepticus in Slow Wave Sleep – a review with an emphasis on regional (perisylvian) aspects

Halász¹,

Hegyi²,

Siegler³

et al. 2014

Journal of Epileptology

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SUMMARYAim. The aim of this article is to review criticaly the Electrical Status Epilepticus in Slow Sleep (ESES) phenomenon from a neurophysiological mechanisms aspect as well as terminological and classification issues. Methods. The review includes all the relevant papers published during the last 43 years on the subject of ESES and Continous Spike -Wave in Sleep (CSWS).These papers were identified in various large databases via the internet. Rewiev and remarks. ESES/CSWS phenomena can be held as a common final pathway originating from different etiologies, including patients with early brain damage (probably involving thalamic structures), but also patients without structural pathology as in atypical evolution of idiopathic regional childhood hyperexcitability syndromes (with Rolandic epilepsy as a prototype). There are hints that genetic predisposition might be an important factor in the development of this process. The two large patient groups (lesional and non-lesional) show the same EEG evolution and encephalopathic cognitive consequences. The sleep EEG activation can be held as a common endophenotype. ESES represents an extreme sleep activation/potentiation of the local/ regional interictal discharges, enhancing them in frequency, territorial extension, intra and trans-hemispherial propagation, synchrony and continuity. This process is most probably not identical with the development of bilateral spike-wave pattern in "generalized" epilepsies which involves primarily or secondarily the thalamocortical system as it had been explored by Gloor (1979) for idiopathic generalized rpilepsy and Steriade and Amzica (2003) for different types of generalized spike and wave discharges. Conclusions and syndromological embedding of ESES.In an overwhelming majority of the investigated cases, the maps of the single discharges constituting sleep activation are identical; with focal/regional interictal spikes followed by slow closing wave, as it is seen in childhood regional age dependent hyperexcitability syndromes (prototype of the centro-temporal spikes of Rolandic epilepsy). The main mechanism of the developing cognitive impairment is most probably the consequence of interference with plastic function of slow wave sleep by obliterating synaptic decline during sleep. Presently, the consensus and co-operative research is highly obstacled by the terminological chaos, the controversial definitions and views around this still striking and enigmatic phenomenon.

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Encephalopathy with status epilepticus during slow sleep: “The Penelope syndrome”

Cited by 152 publications

References 46 publications

Prognostic Value of Early Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Dogs after Traumatic Brain Injury: 50 Cases

Prognostic Value of Early Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Dogs after Traumatic Brain Injury: 50 Cases

Landau Kleffner Syndrome and Misdiagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Mini-Review

Encephalopathy with Electrical Status Epilepticus in Slow Wave Sleep – a review with an emphasis on regional (perisylvian) aspects

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