Endogenous release of metals with dissolved organic carbon from biochar: Effects of pyrolysis temperature, particle size, and solution chemistry

Hameed, Rashida; Cheng, Leilei; Yang, Kun; Fang, Jing; Lin, Daohui

doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113253

Cited by 33 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…the fine particle content of the sandy soil and increased the content of sandy soil micro-aggregates, resulting in POC content to account for the largest proportion 18,23 . DOC is closely related to soil microaggregates, being one of the active forms of organic carbon that is sensitive to the response of soil management measures 24 . DOC content in our study were highest in treatments C1 and C3, being about 12.00% higher than those of the control; DOC content in C2 was not notably different from the CK treatment (Table 1).…”

Section: Different Organic Carbon Components Soc Consists Of Componementioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of different proportions of soft rock additions on organic carbon pool and bacterial community structure of sandy soil

Guo

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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The sandy soil leaks water and fertilizer, and the ecological degradation is serious. The structural characteristics of soft rock and sandy soil are complementary, and the improvement of sandy soil by adding soft rock is of great significance to improve soil fertility, restore biodiversity, and maintain sustainable development of the Mu Us sandy land region. In this study, total organic carbon (TOC), particulate organic carbon (POC), dissolved organic carbon (DOC), easily oxidized organic carbon (ROC), microbial biomass carbon (SMBC), bacterial community structure and crop yield were examined using soft rock:sand volume ratios of 0:1 (CK), 1:5 (C1), 1:2 (C2) and 1:1 (C3). Our results indicated that, compared with the CK treatment, TOC (9.66–22.34%), POC (85.65–120.41%) and ROC (114.12–192.31%) noticeably increased in C1, C2 and C3 treatments; SMBC in treatment C3 increased by 42.77%. The three dominant bacteria in the soil (Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria and Chloroflexi), as well as Proteobacteria abundance, greatly declined in the treatments with the addition of soft rock. Pseudarthrobacter was the dominant Genus in all treatments, having an abundance between 11.83 and 19.33%. Bacterial diversity, richness and evenness indices all recorded an increase under the treatments. POC, TOC and SMBC recorded the most significant effects on the bacterial community structure. The largest increases in wheat and corn yields were recorded in the C2 treatment (16.05% and 16.30%), followed by the C1 treatment (8.28% and 8.20%, respectively). Our findings indicate that a soft rock:sand ratio between 1:5 and 1:2 recorded the most improvement in the sandy soil environment.

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Section: Different Organic Carbon Components Soc Consists Of Componementioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of different proportions of soft rock additions on organic carbon pool and bacterial community structure of sandy soil

Guo

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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“…Its presence or at least the possibility of its presence will have a major negative impact on the perceived value of biochar. Recently, biochar has been one of the reasons shown to have high biotoxicity on plant growth and while this could be due to several possible toxic contaminants (Hameed et al, 2019). Undoubtedly, MCN contamination will reinforce such observations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Reveal a hidden highly toxic substance in biochar to support its effective elimination strategy

Luo

Lin

Liu

et al. 2020

Journal of Hazardous Materials

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With the aim to develop optimized biochar with minimal contaminants, it is important significance to broaden the understanding of biochar. Here, we disclose for the first time, a highly toxic substance (metal cyanide, MCN, such as KCN or NaCN) in biochar. The cyanide ion (CN -) content in biochar can be up to 85870 mg/kg, which is determined by the inherent metal content and type in the biomass with K and Na increasing and Ca, Mg and Fe decreasing its formation. Density functional theory (DFT) analysis shows that unstable alkali oxygen-containing metal salts such as K2CO3 can induce an N rearrangement reaction to produce for example, KOCN. The strong reducing character of the carbon matrix further converts KOCN to KCN, thus resulting biochar with high risk.However, the stable Mg, Ca and Fe salts in biomass cannot induce an N rearrangement reaction due to their high binding energies. We therefore propose that high valent metal chloride salts such as FeCl3 and MgCl2 could be used to inhibit the production of cyanide via metal interactive reaction. These findings open a new point of view on the potential risk of biochar and provide a mitigation solution for biochar's sustainable application.

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“…It was well known that the application of biochar induced protonation and supplement of basic cation, resulting in the increase in soil pH [ 41 , 42 ]. After the application of biochar into the soil, the biochar acts as a sink of carbon sequestration and a source of DOC releases into the soil environment [ 43 ]. The increased soil pH also facilitated a degradation of biochar into dissolved form, resulting in the increases in DOC in AMDS treatment though low organic content of AMDS ( Table 2 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Two Amendments (Biochar and Acid Mine Drainage Sludge) on Arsenic Contaminated Soil Using Chemical, Biological, and Ecological Assessments

Kim

Lee²,

Park

et al. 2021

Materials

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Various types of organic and inorganic materials are widely examined and applied into the arsenic (As) contaminated soil to stabilize As bioavailability and to enhance soil quality as an amendment. This study deals with two types of amendments: biochar for organic amendment and acid mine drainage sludge (AMDS) for inorganic amendment. Each amendment was applied in two types of As contaminated soils: one showed low contaminated concentration and acid property and the other showed high contaminated concentration and alkali property. In order to comprehensively evaluate the effect of amendments on As contaminated soil, chemical (As bioavailability), biological phytotoxicity (Lactuca sativa), soil respiration activity, dehydrogenase activity, urease activity, ß-glucosidase activity, and acid/alkali phosphomonoesterase activity, an ecological (total bacterial cells and total metagenomics DNA at the phylum level) assessment was conducted. Both amendments increased soil pH and dissolved organic carbon (DOC), which changes the bioavailability of As. In reducing phytotoxicity to As, the AMDS was the most effective regardless of soil types. Although soil enzyme activity results were not consistent with amendments types and soil types, bacterial diversity was increased after amendment application in acid soil. In acid soil, the results of principal component analysis represented that AMDS contributes to improve soil quality through the reduction in As bioavailability and the correction of soil pH from acidic to neutral condition, despite the increases in DOC. However, soil DOC had a negative effect on As bioavailability, phytotoxicity and some enzyme activity in alkali soil. Taken together, it is necessary to comprehensively evaluate the interaction of chemical, biological, and ecological properties according to soil pH in the decision-making stages for the selection of appropriate soil restoration material.

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Endogenous release of metals with dissolved organic carbon from biochar: Effects of pyrolysis temperature, particle size, and solution chemistry

Cited by 33 publications

References 46 publications

Effects of different proportions of soft rock additions on organic carbon pool and bacterial community structure of sandy soil

Effects of different proportions of soft rock additions on organic carbon pool and bacterial community structure of sandy soil

Reveal a hidden highly toxic substance in biochar to support its effective elimination strategy

Evaluation of Two Amendments (Biochar and Acid Mine Drainage Sludge) on Arsenic Contaminated Soil Using Chemical, Biological, and Ecological Assessments

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