“…Empirical evidence reviewed on advanced economies shows that substantial efforts have been made in the area of theoretical development and empirical investigation by some scholars compared to what has been done on Africa (see Annika & Bertil, 2008;Ball, 1999;Benazi c & Rami, 2016;Campolmi & Gnocchi, 2016;Carpenter & Rodgers, 2004;Cheng, 2014;Ravenna & Walsh, 2011;Saratchand & Datta, 2020;Stockhammer & Sturn, 2012). However, in respect of country-specific studies in Africa, very few studies have been done on this phenomenon.…”