Endometrial polyps

Abstract

Endometrial polyps (EPs) are a frequent gynecological condition. EPs often arise in the common womanly patients and are appraised to be about 25%. Advancing age, hyperestrogenism, hypertension, and Tamoxifen use are acknowledged as ordinary risk elements for the development of EP. The etiopathogenesis of EP is not accurately elucidated, but certain considerations such as diabetes mellitus, hormonal factors or arterial hypertension are considered to perform a significant contribution. The diagnosis of EPs is essentially by imaging. Transvaginal ultrasound is the primary investigation in EPs. Hysteroscopic resection is now the "gold standard" to treat to treat this disease. Hysterectomy is the definitive treatment for EPs, but it requires a judicious indication and an adequate counseling of the patient. Currently, a certain histological pattern is found in different sequences in EPs. Even if the vast majority EPs are benign, they may reach hyperplastic, with malignant alteration. The purpose of this pictorial review is the integrated approach to this type of abnormal endometrial proliferation from the perspective of natural history, diagnosis, management, morphological aspects, risk of malignancy, recurrence and last but not least, clinical outcome.

Exploring the Clinicopathological Diversity in Sarcomatous Transformations in the Uterus

“…Endometrial stromal sarcomas are an uncommon group of malignant tumors that constitute about 10% of all uterine sarcomas but only 0.2% of all cancers arising from the uterus [9]. Taking into consideration the mitotic activity and vascular invasion and prognosis, endometrial stromal tumors may be divided into three categories: endometrial stromal nodule, low-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma, and high-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma.…”

The regulation of intestinal flora on host’s genes may play an essential role in the development of endometrial hyperplastic processes in yang deficiency individuals

“…The identified EHPs-related genes were then compared to genes showing opposite expression trends in growth-promoting and growth-inhibiting measures. Although no available DEGs dataset specifically related to EHPs in GEO, it is known that oral administration of estrogen and tamoxifen promotes endometrial growth [22], while progestin administration or the use of progestin-releasing intrauterine devices inhibits abnormal endometrial growth to some extent [23,24]. These genes not only exhibit opposite expression trends in measures of proliferation promotion and inhibition but are also associated with EHPs, suggesting their potential importance in endometrial hyperplasia and defining them as EHPsrelated genes (EHPs).…”

A comprehensive approach to the treatment of infertility in women with endometrial pathology

“…У середньому Під час виконання трансвагінальної ехографії у першій фазі менструального циклу на 5-7-й день у 47 (76,1%) жінок з поліпом ендометрія відзначали: утворення овоїдної форми, чітко відокремлене від навколишнього ендометрія з підвищеною ехогенністю; деформацію лінії змикання переднього та заднього листків слизової оболонки (рис. [3][4][5][6].…”

“…Уже починаючи з 50-х років минулого століття медицина перейшла з простого гістологічного дослідження ендометрія у молекулярну еру з використанням функціональних тестів, які оцінюють проліферацію, диференціацію та відстежують маркери запалення [4].…”