Endoscopic imaging: How far are we from real-time histology?

Shukla, Richa; Abidi, Wasif M.; Richards‐Kortum, Rebecca; Anandasabapathy, Sharmila

doi:10.4253/wjge.v3.i10.183

Cited by 31 publications

(29 citation statements)

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“…At present, a standardized endocytoscopic atypia classification system has been described for esophageal squamous cell lesions [2] and colorectal [5] adenomatous lesions. ECS has been also applied for Barrett's esophagus [16,17,35,36] , with controversial results, however, and without a standardized endocytoscopic classification system. In contrast to previous endocytoscopic studies in Barrett's esophagus [16,17] where a soft catheter type endo- Squamous epithelium ECA Glands use of the double CM staining technique, which provided higher quality endocytoscopic images of both Barrett's metaplastic epithelium and esophageal squamous cell islands.…”

Section: Another Interesting Finding Of the Present Study Is Thementioning

confidence: 99%

Endocytoscopic visualization of squamous cell islands within Barrett’s epithelium

Eleftheriadis¹

2013

WJGE

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AIM:To study the endocytoscopic visualization of squamous cell islands within Barrett's epithelium. METHODS:Endocytoscopy (ECS) has been studied in the surveillance of Barrett's esophagus, with controversial results. In initial studies, however, a soft catheter type endocytoscope was used, while only methylene blue dye was used for the staining of Barrett's mucosa. Integrated type endocytoscopes (GIF-Q260 EC, Olympus Corp, Tokyo, Japan) have been recently developed, with the incorporation of a high-power magnifying endocytoscope into a standard endoscope together with narrow-band imaging (NBI). Moreover, double staining with a mixture of 0.05% crystal violet and 0.1% of methylene blue (CM) during ECS enables higher quality images comparable to conventional hematoxylin eosin histopathological images. RESULTS:In vivo endocytoscopic visualization of papillary squamous cell islands within glandular Barrett's epithelium in a patient with long-segment Barrett's esophagus is reported. Conventional white light endoscopy showed typical long-segment Barrett's esophagus, with small squamous cell islands within normal Barrett's mucosa, which were better visualized by NBI endoscopy. ECS after double CM staining showed regular Barrett's esophagus, while higher magnification (× 480) revealed the orifices of glandular structures better. Furthermore, typical squamous cell papillary protrusion, classified as endocytoscopic atypia classification (ECA) 2 according to ECA, was identified within regular glandular Barrett's mucosa. Histological examination of biopsies taken from the same area showed squamous epithelium within glandular Barrett's mucosa, corresponding well to endocytoscopic findings. CONCLUSION:To our knowledge, this is the first report of in vivo visualization of esophageal papillary squamous cell islands surrounded by glandular Barrett's epithelium.© 2013 Baishideng. All rights reserved.Key words: Endocytoscopy; Barrett's esophagus; Surveillance; Endocytoscopic atypia classification; Crystal violet; Methylene blue; Hematoxylin eosin stain Core tip: Endocytoscopy has been also studied in surveillance of Barrett's esophagus, with controversial results. In initial studies, however, a soft catheter type endocytoscope was used, while only methylene blue dye was used for staining of Barrett's mucosa. In the present study, in vivo endocytoscopic visualization of papillary squamous cell islands within glandular Barrett's epithelium in a patient with long-segment Barrett's esophagus is reported.

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Section: Another Interesting Finding Of the Present Study Is Thementioning

confidence: 99%

Endocytoscopic visualization of squamous cell islands within Barrett’s epithelium

Eleftheriadis¹

2013

WJGE

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“…For images 1 2 I used to calculate the normalized cross correlation with image 1 I , ( , ) C x y ′ . The estimated shift between the two images was then taken to be the location of the largest peak across the two cross correlations.…”

Section: Image Reconstruction and Mosaicking Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Confocal endomicroscopy is an endoscopic technique for obtaining fluorescence microscopy images in vivo [1,2]. It serves as a real-time alternative to conventional biopsy and histology, and is beginning to find routine clinical applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High speed, line-scanning, fiber bundle fluorescence confocal endomicroscopy for improved mosaicking

Hughes¹,

Yang²

2015

Biomed. Opt. Express

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A significant limitation of fiber bundle endomicroscopy systems is that the field of view tends to be small, usually only several hundred micrometers in diameter. Image mosaicking techniques can increase the effective image size, but require careful manipulation of the probe to ensure sufficient overlap between adjacent frames. For confocal endomicroscopes, which typically have frame rates on the order of 10 fps, this is particularly challenging. In this paper we demonstrate that line-scanning confocal endomicroscopy can, by use of a high speed linear CCD camera, achieve a frame rate of 120 fps while maintaining sufficient resolution and signal-tonoise ratio to allow imaging of topically stained gastrointestinal tissues. This leads to improved performance of a cross-correlation based mosaicking algorithm when compared with lower frame-rate systems.

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“…Current generation endoscopes typically utilize high-definition white-light endoscopy (HD-WLE) in combination with a variation of Narrow Band Imaging (NBI), a technique that aids in diagnosis by enhancing the visualization of microvasculature [7]. Other methods including chromoendoscopy, autofluorescence and multispectral imaging have also been investigated to aid in the visualization of diagnostically relevant architectural and molecular changes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Confocal foveated endomicroscope for the detection of esophageal carcinoma

Shadfan

Hellebust

Richards‐Kortum

et al. 2015

Biomed. Opt. Express

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By mimicking the variable resolution of the human eye, a newly designed foveated endomicroscopic objective shows the potential to improve current endoscopic based techniques of identifying abnormal tissue in the esophagus and colon. The prototype miniature foveated objective is imaged with a confocal microscope to provide large field of view images combined with a high resolution central region to rapidly observe morphological structures associated with cancer development in a mouse model.

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Endoscopic imaging: How far are we from real-time histology?

Cited by 31 publications

References 50 publications

Endocytoscopic visualization of squamous cell islands within Barrett’s epithelium

Endocytoscopic visualization of squamous cell islands within Barrett’s epithelium

High speed, line-scanning, fiber bundle fluorescence confocal endomicroscopy for improved mosaicking

Confocal foveated endomicroscope for the detection of esophageal carcinoma

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