Endoscopic Ultrasonography

Abstract

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Endosonographic evaluation of perianal fistulas and abscesses: comparison of two instruments and assessment of the role of hydrogen peroxide injection

“…Superficial fistulas may not be detected because of a relatively short fistulous course. 8,9 Indeed, only 1 superficial fistula was identified in our study, a rate lower than expected. It has been appreciated that a fistulous tract of at least 3 ml in diameter is required for endosonographic visualization.…”

“…The outer diameter of the most frequently used rectal probes is between 14 and 21 millimeters. [8][9] Various instruments have been evaluated for the assessment of perianal fistulas and abscesses. [5][6][7][10][11][12][13][14] Endorectal ultrasonography examination is also performed using flexible mechanical radial endosonoscopes available to many endoscopists, thus avoiding the need for an additional system.…”

“…1,3,[5][6][7] Currently, there is an increased availability of mechanical radial endosonoscopes for the diagnosis of upper gastrointestinal tract and pancreato-biliary diseases, and many practitioners use the same equipment for anorectal indications including the diagnosis of perianal fistulas. 8,9 However, a direct comparison of the two examination techniques has not been reported.…”

Incidence of Benign Disease in Patients that Underwent Resection for Presumed Pancreatic Cancer Diagnosed by Endoscopic Ultrasonography (EUS) and Fine-Needle Aspiration (FNA)

“…In patients presenting with a head mass and with superimposed chronic pancreatitis, recent episode of acute pancreatitis, or anatomic pancreatic variances, the diagnosis of cancer is even more difficult. 3 For these reasons, in those patients in which a pancreatic head mass is identified and the diagnosis of cancer is uncertain, resection is often recommended.…”

Endoscopic Ultrasound for Solid and Cystic Neoplasms of the Pancreas

“…Color flow Doppler can be used prior to EUS-FNA to help avoid vessels overlying the proposed path of the aspiration needle such as are seen when there is underlying portal vein or splenic vein obstruction. Similarly to CT and ultrasound-guided FNA or biopsy, the overall complication rate secondary to EUS-FNA of the pancreas is about 1-2% 6,8,58,61,64 . The major complications reported with EUS-FNA are bleeding, pancreatitis, and infection but mortality is very rare 65 that is more likely when the patient has portal hypertension.…”