Endovascular Clot Retrieval Therapy

Smith, Eric E.; Schwamm, Lee H

doi:10.1161/strokeaha.115.008385

Cited by 65 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…13,28 Improving interval times is a complex system issue that must take into account geographical distributions and staffing patterns of primary and tertiary hospitals, transport times to these hospitals from first patient contact and with the drip-and-ship paradigm, mandating short (ideally ≤30 minutes) door-in to door-out times. 9,18,29,30 Depending on the extent of centralization of stroke services, each health system may identify different solutions to minimize the time from first contact to reperfusion.…”

Section: 3mentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Workflow and Time to Treatment on Thrombectomy Outcome in the Endovascular Treatment for Small Core and Proximal Occlusion Ischemic Stroke (ESCAPE) Randomized, Controlled Trial

et al. 2016

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Background— The Endovascular Treatment for Small Core and Proximal Occlusion Ischemic Stroke (ESCAPE) trial used innovative imaging and aggressive target time metrics to demonstrate the benefit of endovascular treatment in patients with acute ischemic stroke. We analyze the impact of time on clinical outcome and the effect of patient, hospital, and health system characteristics on workflow within the trial. Methods and Results— Relationship between outcome (modified Rankin Scale) and interval times was modeled by using logistic regression. Association between time intervals (stroke onset to arrival in endovascular-capable hospital, to qualifying computed tomography, to groin puncture, and to reperfusion) and patient, hospital, and health system characteristics were modeled by using negative binomial regression. Every 30-minute increase in computed tomography-to-reperfusion time reduced the probability of achieving a functionally independent outcome (90-day modified Rankin Scale 0–2) by 8.3% ( P =0.006). Symptom onset-to-imaging time was not associated with outcome ( P >0.05). Onset-to-endovascular hospital arrival time was 42% (34 minutes) longer among patients receiving intravenous alteplase at the referring hospital (drip and ship) versus direct transfer (mothership). Computed tomography-to-groin puncture time was 15% (8 minutes) shorter among patients presenting during work hours versus off hours, 41% (24 minutes) shorter in drip-ship patients versus mothership, and 43% (22 minutes) longer when general anesthesia was administered. The use of a balloon guide catheter during endovascular procedures shortened puncture-to-reperfusion time by 21% (8 minutes). Conclusions— Imaging-to-reperfusion time is a significant predictor of outcome in the ESCAPE trial. Inefficiencies in triaging, off-hour presentation, intravenous alteplase administration, use of general anesthesia, and endovascular techniques offer major opportunities for improvement in workflow. Clinical Trial Registration— URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov . Unique identifier: NCT01778335.

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Section: 3mentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Workflow and Time to Treatment on Thrombectomy Outcome in the Endovascular Treatment for Small Core and Proximal Occlusion Ischemic Stroke (ESCAPE) Randomized, Controlled Trial

et al. 2016

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“…2 3 To incorporate these recent findings into clinical practice, experts recommended improving stroke systems of care to increase timely and equitable access to this therapy. 4 Over the past year, several major medical centers have attempted to streamline regional systems of care for early stroke recognition and transfer of patients with severe stroke to facilities that offer advanced therapy. 5 Although it is recommended that patients with stroke should be transported to the closest primary or comprehensive stroke center, 6 there is no standard clinical criterion for this process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stroke care: initial data from a county-based bypass protocol for patients with acute stroke

Zaidi

Shawver

Morales

et al. 2016

J NeuroIntervent Surg

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BackgroundEarly identification and transfer of patients with acute stroke to a primary or comprehensive stroke center results in favorable outcomes.ObjectiveTo describe implementation and results of an emergency medical service (EMS)-driven stroke protocol in Lucas County, Ohio.MethodAll county EMS personnel (N=464) underwent training in the Rapid Arterial oCclusion Evaluation (RACE) score. The RACE Alert (RA) protocol, whereby patients with stroke and a RACE score ≥5 were taken to a facility that offered advanced therapy, was implemented in July 2015. During the 6-month study period, 109 RAs were activated. Time efficiencies, diagnostic accuracy, and mechanical thrombectomy (MT) outcomes were compared with standard ‘stroke-alert’ (N=142) patients from the preceding 6 months.ResultsAn increased treatment rate (25.6% vs 12.6%, p<0.05) and improved time efficiency (median door-to-CT 10 vs 28 min, p<0.05; door-to-needle 46 vs 75 min, p<0.05) of IV tissue plasminogen activator within the RA cohort was achieved. The rate of MT (20.1% vs 7.7%, p=0.06) increased and treatment times improved, including median arrival-to-puncture (68 vs 128 min, p=0.04) and arrival-to-recanalization times (101 vs 205 min, p=0.001) in favor of the RA cohort. A non-significant trend towards improved outcome (50% vs 36.4%, p=0.3) in the RA cohort was noted. The RA protocol also showed improved diagnostic specificity for ischemic stroke (52.3% vs 30.1%, p<0.05).ConclusionsOur results indicate that EMS adaptation of the RA protocol within Lucas County is feasible and effective for early triage and treatment of patients with stroke. Using this protocol, we can significantly improve treatment times for both systemic thrombolysis and MT.

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“…2 While this acute assessment may include attempts to understand the pathophysiologic features of the event, concerns regarding stroke prevention typically take a secondary role in this clinical setting. The primary concerns of treatment typically involve whether intravenous tissue plasminogen activator is indicated and if intra-arterial intervention is appropriate.…”

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confidence: 99%

Definition and Implications of the Preventable Stroke

et al. 2016

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IMPORTANCE Although patients with acute stroke are routinely evaluated for potential treatment (ie, treatability of the stroke), preventability of the presenting stroke is generally not seriously considered. OBJECTIVE To systematically analyze stroke preventability. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS We evaluated medical records of 274 consecutive patients discharged with a diagnosis of ischemic stroke between December 2, 2010, and June 11, 2012, at the University of California Irvine Medical Center. Mean (SE) patient age was 67.2 (0.8) years. Data analysis was conducted from July 3, 2014, to August 4, 2015.EXPOSURES Medical records were systematically examined for demographic information, stroke risk factors, stroke severity, and acute stroke treatment. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURESWe defined stroke preventability as the degree to which the patient's presenting stroke was preventable. Using variables easily determined at onset of stroke, we developed a 10-point scale (0, not preventable; 10, most preventable) to classify the degree of stroke preventability. Our focus was effectiveness of treatment of hypertension (0-2 points), hyperlipidemia (0-2 points), and atrial fibrillation (0-4 points), as well as use of antithrombotic treatment for known prior cerebrovascular and cardiovascular disease (0-2 points).RESULTS Total risk scores ranged from 0 to 8 (mean [SE], 2.2 [0.1]), with 207 patients (75.5%) exhibiting some degree of preventability (score of 1 or higher). Seventy-one patients (25.9%) had scores of 4 or higher, indicating that the stroke was highly preventable. Severity of stroke as determined by the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score was not related to preventability of stroke. However, 21 of 71 patients (29.6%) whose stroke was highly preventable were treated with intravenous or intra-arterial acute stroke therapy while these treatments were provided for only 13 of 67 patients (19.4%) with scores of 0 (no preventability) and 19 of 136 patients (14.0%) with scores of 1 to 3 (low preventability) (P = .03). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCEMost patients with acute stroke exhibited some degree of preventability. Preventability and treatment of stroke were significantly associated, indicating that the most preventable strokes paradoxically were more likely to receive acute treatment.

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Endovascular Clot Retrieval Therapy

Cited by 65 publications

References 23 publications

Analysis of Workflow and Time to Treatment on Thrombectomy Outcome in the Endovascular Treatment for Small Core and Proximal Occlusion Ischemic Stroke (ESCAPE) Randomized, Controlled Trial

Analysis of Workflow and Time to Treatment on Thrombectomy Outcome in the Endovascular Treatment for Small Core and Proximal Occlusion Ischemic Stroke (ESCAPE) Randomized, Controlled Trial

Stroke care: initial data from a county-based bypass protocol for patients with acute stroke

Definition and Implications of the Preventable Stroke

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