Energy and nutrient digestibility in a hulless low-phytate phosphorus barley fed to finishing pigs

Abstract

. 2010. Energy and nutrient digestibility in a hulless low-phytate phosphorus barley fed to finishing pigs. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 90: 393Á399. Six-ileal cannulated finishing barrows were used to determine energy and nutrient digestibility in a sample of a hulless low-phytate (LP) barley cultivar. A sample of regular hulled (RH) barley was also included for comparison. Two diets containing 96.5% of either LP or RH barley, 2.5% trace minerals and vitamins and 1% indigestible marker (Celite) were fed in a twoperiod change-over design. Each experimental period lasted 9 d; a 5-d acclimatization period followed by 2 d of fecal and 2 d of ileal digesta collection. Standardized ileal digestibility (SID) of amino acids (AA) was calculated using published values for ileal endogenous AA losses from our laboratory. Total phosphorus (as is) was similar in LP and RH; however, LP had lower phytate phosphorus (0.6 vs. 2.3, g kg (1 ) than RH. Apparent digestibility of phosphorus was higher (PB0.01) for LP barley than RH at both ileal (45 vs. 24%) and faecal (55 vs. 32%) levels. Compared with RH, LP had higher (PB0.05) DE and SID contents of all indispensable AA except Phe. In summary, a hulless low-phytate barley sample fed to finishing pigs had higher digestible phosphorus, energy and AA contents than regular hulled barley, indicating that use of hulless low-phytate barley in swine diets may have ecological benefit. Chaque pe´riode durait 9 jours, soit 5 jours d'acclimatation suivis de 2 jours de collecte d'e´chantillons fe´caux et de 2 jours de pre´le`vements d'e´chantillons des digest de l'ile´on. Les auteurs ont calcule´la digestibilite´uniformise´e des acides amine´s (AA) dans l'ile´on (DUI) a`partir des pertes endoge`nes d'AA dans l'ile´on e´tablies au laboratoire des auteurs. La concentration de phosphore total (tel quel) est similaire pour l'orge FTP et OO, cependant, le premier renferme moins de phytate du phosphore que le second (0,6 c. 2,3 g par kg). La digestibilite´apparente du phosphore est plus e´leve´e (PB0,01) chez l'orge FTP que chez l'orge OO, tant dans l'ile´on (45 c. 24%) que dans les fe`ces (55 c. 32%). Comparativement a`l'orge OO, l'orge FTP se caracte´rise par une plus grande (PB0,05) e´nergie digestible et DUI des AA essentiels, sauf la Phe. En re´sume´, l'orge a`grains nus et a`faible concentration de phytate servie aux porcs de finition contenait plus de phosphore, d'e´nergie et d'AA digestibles que l'orge ordinaire, signe que le premier pourrait avoir une certaine utilite´e´cologique dans les rations des porcs.

Evaluation through literature data on standardized ileal digestibility and basal ileal endogenous loss of amino acids associated with barley in pigs

“…The SID of CP and most AA estimated by regression analysis were in the range of SID values in barley reported in other studies (Hennig et al, 2006;Ige et al, 2010), and corresponded (95% confidence intervals) to SID values reported by NRC (2012) and AFZ et al (2000). (Eklund, 2006).…”

“…Thus, nutrient digestibility of barley in pigs can be substantially reduced (O'Connell et al, 2005). Moreover, less interaction between diet and digestive enzymes may result in increased specific ileal endogenous losses of CP and AA, as digesta viscosity inhibits sufficient interaction between (Chesson, 1993; Nyachoti et al, 2000;Jansman et al, 2002).The SID of CP and most AA estimated by regression analysis were in the range of SID values in barley reported in other studies (Hennig et al, 2006;Ige et al, 2010), and corresponded (95% confidence intervals) to SID values reported by NRC (2012) and AFZ et al (2000). (Eklund, 2006).…”

“…The database A database containing AID of CP and AA in 38 barley samples for pigs was extracted from a total of 26 peer-reviewed papers with data on AID of CP and AA in barley including studies of Baidoo and Liu (1998) (3);De Lange et al (1990) (1); Fan et al (1993) (1); Fan and Sauer (1995) (1); Fan and Sauer (2002) (6); Fernández-Fígares et al (2008) (1) ;Fuller et al (1994) (1); Furuya and Kaji (1991) (1); Green et al (1987) (1); Ige et al (2010) (2); Jørgensen et al (1997) (2); Lin et al (1987) (1); Nitrayová et al (2006) (1); Nyachoti et al (1997) (1); Pedersen et al (2007) (1); Perttilä et al (2002) (1); Reverter and Lindberg (1998) (1); Rowan and Lawrence (1986) (1); Sauer et al (1977) (1); Sauer et al (1981) (4); Schröder et al (1989) (1); Stein et al (1999) (1); Taverner et al (1981b) (1); Yin et al (1993) (1); Yin et al (2001a) (1) and Yin et al (2002) (1) (number of barley samples per study is given in brackets). The selection of these peer-reviewed papers was based on several criteria including (1) complete information on diet composition; (2) complete information on CP and AA contents of the diet and (or) barley; (3) use of barley as the only source of protein in the diet; (4) diets being devoid of feed additives.…”

Nutrient digestibility in diets containing low-phytate barley, low-phytate field pea and normal-phytate field pea, and the effects of microbial phytase on energy and nutrient digestibility in the low and normal-phytate field pea fed to pigs

“…The GE values for the tested pea varieties were similar to the value reported by NRC (2012). The N and AA contents in the tested LPB were similar to literature values (Thacker et al, 2003;Ige et al, 2010) but the GE value determined in the current study was slightly lower than the values of 16.75 and 17.02 MJ/kg reported by Veum et al (2007) and Ige et al (2010), respectively, for LPB. The total P content in LPP 4.3 (g/kg) and NPP (4.7 g/kg) and were close to the values of 4.2 g/kg reported by NRC (2012) and 4.4 g/kg reported by Stein (2006).…”

“…Low-phytate cereal grains were introduced in the late 1990s with corn, barley and rice being the first low-phytate cereals grains to be developed (Raboy, 2002). Various studies have shown that low-phytate corn and barley have higher P digestibility which is attributed to their increased content of non-phytate-bound P (Spencer et al, 2000;Thacker et al, 2004;Bohlke et al, 2005;Ige et al, 2010). Recently, low-phytate field pea lines were developed at the University of Saskatchewan's Crop Development Centre (Saskatoon, SK, Canada) with a total P content of 3.28-5.56 mg/kg and inorganic P content of 1.00-1.08 mg/kg (Delgerjav et al, 2011).…”