Energy benchmarking in educational buildings in the city of Kragujevac - possibilities for energy efficiency improvement

Abstract

The implementation of energy efficiency measures and use of renewable energy sources in educational buildings can significantly contribute to reducing energy consumption, but also to CO2 emissions in the entire public sector. The paper shows the comparison of energy consumption indicators for 61 elementary school buildings which have previously been divided in 12 groups, according to the period of construction and size, based on the national typology called TABULA, as the first step of further study on how to use the renewable energy sources. The aim of this paper is to use the energy benchmarking process to select representative facilities which are suitable for applying renewable energy sources, for their further energy efficiency improvement. Indicators of annual specific electricity consumption and CO2 emissions per unit area [kWh/m2] and per user [kWh/user] were calculated. After that, from two groups (in which the highest electricity consumption and CO2 emissions are 68.37% and 74.53% of the total consumption/ emissions), one representative facility was selected.

Sustainable Living Unveiled: A Comprehensive Review of Key Studies on Zero Energy Homes

“…A total of 68 sources were meticulously curated, with detailed records of titles, links, and succinct summaries for each source. To streamline the subsequent writing process, these sources were systematically organized into distinct categories, encompassing HVAC Systems and Air Quality ( Zeiler et al, 2016;Minea et al, 2017), Photovoltaic Systems (Stadle et al, 2011Hoseinzadeh et al, 2019), (Liu et al, 2023), (Lu et al, 2019), (Radulovic et al, 2020). Modern Homes (Max et al, 2021;Farhar & Coburn, 2008), .…”