Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs)
Keywords: wireless sensor network, clustering, distributed computing, node density, distanceCopyright © 2016 Universitas Ahmad Dahlan. All rights reserved.
IntroductionA WSN of randomly deployed self-operable sensor nodes to monitor physical conditions of the environment, as thermal, acoustic, imaging, etc., as measurements, and collaboratively work together to take the data sensed to the base station. WSNs were originally deployed in military, heavy industrial applications and, later extended to the lighter applications such as consumer WSN applications [1][2][3][4][5][6].WSN devices are battery operated; saving power is the biggest challenge. Many work in this area of energy saving have shown that energy is consumed in sensing and monitoring the surrounding area as compared to the data packet exchange activities [1]. Excluding, energy consumption in the nodes such as forwarding nodes and gateway nodes in cluster are higher than other sensing nodes in the cluster. The dynamic topology reformation algorithm method [1] is expected to reduce and balance the energy consumption in WSN. The main purpose of deploying these gateway nodes is to share and balance the energy consumption for demanding jobs in the network.The battery operated nodes have its own limitation with the respect to the distance it can communicate. Hence they can't directly communicate to the base station, looking for intermediate nodes to share link. The idea of hierarchical architecture is used to help these nodes by introducing multihop communication strategy. In the later part the clustering algorithms are focussed to give additional features to the multihop communication such as dynamic network management and, data collection and forwarding with limited contention. These features motivated to propose a new clustering algorithm to study the Distributed and Selforganizing Load Balancing Clustering for WSN. The most important issue considered when planning WSN Cluster is the energy consumption per node and how the next protocol can improve this. By switching node activities the power consumed is optimized leads to the increased network life time [1].In section 2 we discussed some of the related cluster based protocols, the proposed Distributed Self-organizing Load Balancing Clustering Algorithm in section 3, and in section 4 we analysed the new proposed algorithm with the standard clustering algorithms and finally concluded in the section 5.