Energy consumption and CO2 emission impacts of vehicle electrification in three developed regions of China

Wu, Ye; Yang, Zhangqi; Lin, Bohong; Liu, Huan; Wang, Renjie; Zhou, Boya; Hao, Jiming

doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2012.05.060

Cited by 168 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…In those regions with a high share of coal power, HEV is a better choice than BEV to reduce CO 2 emissions [42]. The theoretical CO 2 breakeven point between BEVs and HEVs is 60% coal power, which means that BEVs would have a CO 2 reduction advantage over HEVs if the coal power proportion is below 60%.…”

Section: Battery Ev or Hybrid Evmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, it is important to understand how the availability of low carbon electricity from energy sources may influence the carbon-emission of EVs [41]. Electricity generation mix in China is dominated by coal-fired power, and 79% of electricity was generated from coal in 2009 [42], though the proportion dropped to 69.6% in 2013 [43], it still kept high. Thus, the promotion of EVs is essentially replacing low-carbon with high-carbon and substituting concentrated discharge with disperse emissions.…”

Section: Unresolved Pollution Problemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The Current Dilemma and Future Path of China’s Electric Vehicles

et al. 2014

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China had set an ambitious development target of electric vehicles (EVs) to mitigate the environmental pollution. However, the actual situation of EVs far lagged behind the goals. This paper analyzes the elements impeding EVs' development, which are identified into four contributors, including deficient EV subsidy policies, embarrassed EV market, local protectionism, and unmatched charging infrastructure. Based on the actual situation of China, this paper discusses corresponding policy suggestions and explores the alternative roadmap of EVs. In the initial development stage of EVs, it is important to select the appropriate charging mode for EVs according to different characteristics across users. Moreover, the development of hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) may open the EV market faster than battery electric vehicle (BEV). In addition, the low-speed EVs may be a good choice for the rural market and should be well developed. With the promotion of EVs, China central and local governments should make rational policies to promote EVs' development, which is the crucial force to drive the uptake of EVs.

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Section: Battery Ev or Hybrid Evmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Unresolved Pollution Problemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Current Dilemma and Future Path of China’s Electric Vehicles

et al. 2014

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“…Because the electricity system varies significantly from country to country and even between regions, as regards energy sources, and technologies, driving the same EV in different geographical areas can result in very different environmental profiles [378][379][380][381]. Furthermore, the annual electricity mix can vary significantly from year to year, for instance, due to changes in electricity demand, technology portfolio, availability of renewables, and net imports [382].…”

Section: Factors Influencing the Environmental Impacts Of Electric Vementioning

confidence: 99%

The challenging paradigm of interrelated energy systems towards a more sustainable future

Soares

Martins

Carvalho³

et al. 2018

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

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This paper brings together several contemporary topics in energy systems aiming to provide a literature review based reflection on how several interrelated energy systems can contribute together to a more sustainable world. Some directions are discussed, such as the improvement of the energy efficiency and environmental performance of the systems, the development of new technologies, the increase of the use of renewable energy sources, the promotion of holistic and multidisciplinary studies, and the implementation of new management rules and "eco-friendly and sustainable" oriented policies at different scales. The interrelations of the diverse energy systems are also discussed in order to address their main social-economic-environmental impacts. The subjects covered include the assessment of the electricity market and its main players (demand, supply, distribution), the evaluation of some urban systems (buildings, transportation, commuting), the analysis of the implementation of renewable energy cooperatives, the discussion of the diffusion of the electric vehicle and the importance of new bioenergy systems. This paper also presents relevant research carried out in the framework of both the Energy for Sustainability Initiative of the University of Coimbra and the Sustainable Energy Systems focus area of the MIT-Portugal Program. To conclude, several research topics that should be addressed in the near future are proposed.

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“…Wu et al 2012). Different scenarios of EV penetration and grid emissions intensity were constructed for these regions.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Projected pathways and environmental impact of China's electrified passenger vehicles

Zhao

Heywood

2017

Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment

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As the world's largest market for car sales, China's rapidly rising number of light-duty vehicles (LDVs) on the road have resulted in serious problems such as increasing CO 2 emissions, energy insecurity, and air pollution. The question I examine here is how electrified vehicles (EVs) can help reduce China's energy demand and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in the future, and EV includes hybrid electric vehicle (HEV), plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV), and battery electric vehicle (BEV). First, by building and using an Electricity Supply and Emissions Model (ESEM), I forecast the life-cycle GHG emissions intensity factors of the electric grid between now and 2050, proposing three scenarios that represent different levels of adoption of renewable generation by utilities. Then, by developing three EV penetration scenarios with other assumptions such as vehicles distance traveled and powertrain mix for a China FLEET model, I project the stock, energy demand, and life-cycle GHG emissions of the LDV fleet for each scenario until 2050. By comparing the results of these different scenarios, I demonstrate to what extent electrification can reduce the LDV fleet's energy demand and emissions impact.Results from this study show that there is a significant potential for electrification to reduce the automotive energy demand, oil dependence, and life-cycle GHG emissions of the LDV fleet, because EVs and especially BEVs are much more efficient than traditional gasoline vehicles. Compared to growing the renewable energy contribution to the electricity supply system, expanding EVs in the fleet can occur on a faster time scale, provided that they become more attractive relative to conventional gasoline vehicles; the greater potential for aggressive EV penetration to reach a significant percentage suggests that strong efforts of promoting EVs are likely needed to take advantage of their reduction opportunities. However, cleaning up the grid is important not only because it helps lower the emissions of aggressive EV expansion, but also because power generation accounts for the majority of China's total energy consumption and emissions. Results also show that, in order to help China reverse the rising trajectory of CO 2 emissions by 2030, the aggressive EV scenario and the more-renewables electricity scenario will likely be needed, which could enable the LDV fleet to peak its emissions as early as 2033.

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Energy consumption and CO2 emission impacts of vehicle electrification in three developed regions of China

Cited by 168 publications

References 15 publications

The Current Dilemma and Future Path of China’s Electric Vehicles

The Current Dilemma and Future Path of China’s Electric Vehicles

The challenging paradigm of interrelated energy systems towards a more sustainable future

Projected pathways and environmental impact of China's electrified passenger vehicles

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