Energy Consumption and Economic Development in Sub-Saharan African Countries: Role of Governance Quality

Abstract

The objective of this paper is to analyze the role of governance quality on the relationship between economic growth and energy consumption in a panel of twenty (20) sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries over a period from 1996 to 2017. Techniques such as the generalized method of moments (GMM) in dynamics and the Granger test were utilized. The results of the estimations show that energy consumption is an essential factor in the economic growth of SSA countries and that the quality of governance is a catalyst of this relationship. The policy implications of these results are elaborated.

Dynamic Measurement Analysis of Urban Innovation Ability and Ecological Efficiency in China

“…e widely used comprehensive evaluation methods include the factor analysis method, analytic hierarchy process, fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method, grey relation method, TOPSIS method and entropy weight method [40]. e TOPSIS method, an effective method for multiobjective decision-making uses simple calculation, small sample size requirements and reasonable results, while the entropy weight method determines the weight according to the information reflected by the variation degree of each evaluation index value, eliminating the influence of subjective factors and accurately calculating the weight of each index.…”

“…Many studies have illustrated a certain correlation between the regional economy and ecological environment [30][31][32], and in-depth demonstrations and research have been carried out to explore the internal relationship and law governing urbanization level and ecological efficiency [33][34][35][36]. Urbanization, urban spatial form, and expansion mode present different modes in different regions [8,37,38], and their complexity also differs, so pressure on the urban ecological environment is expected to be substantial [39][40][41][42].…”