Energy-critical elements for sustainable development

Hurd, Alan J.; Kelley, Ronald L.; Eggert, Roderick G.; Lee, Min Ha

doi:10.1557/mrs.2012.54

Cited by 77 publications

(49 citation statements)

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“…The most vital bio-reclamating Figure 1. Periodic table indicating the critical and scarce metals taken into this study [1][2][3].…”

Section: Potentially Important Microbes and Mechanism Of Bio-reclamationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, in the recent past, the definition of criticality is certainly not limited to the difficult metallurgy and abundance in the earth's crust (<0.01 ppm). In this technological era, the metals required in advanced materials and technologies for the transition towards a sustainable post-fossil society facing high supply risk due to the market complexities, lack of supply diversity, and geopolitical scenarios are termed as 'critical metals' [1]. Metals in the list of criticality changes with region or country.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hence, commonly a metal can be labelled 'critical' which is facing high shortage in supply, excessive environmental risk and be of significant economic importance under the availability of a limited geo-boundary. In that case, the criticality of metal can simply be presented as follows [4]: Criticality = Supply risk × Vulnerability = Likelihood of supply disruption × Economic Consequences (1) Notably, the availability of these metals largely influences the energy supply; country's economy, export business, job creation and geopolitical relation of two individual countries [5], hence can also be Notably, the availability of these metals largely influences the energy supply; country's economy, export business, job creation and geopolitical relation of two individual countries [5], hence can also be pronounced as 'strategic critical metals'. Figure 1 presents the list of such metals, including uranium (the major source of non-fossil, nuclear fuel) and gold (widely used for plating other conductor materials besides its economic importance in global trade) [2,3,6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, reclamation of critical metals from their alternative secondary resources can be a game-changer by overcoming the geo-boundary limitation, mitigating the supply risk and controlling the environmental damage by mining of their primary ores. Periodic table indicating the critical and scarce metals taken into this study [1][2][3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bio-Reclamation of Strategic and Energy Critical Metals from Secondary Resources

Ilyas

Kim

Lee

et al. 2017

Metals

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Abstract:Metals with an average crustal abundance of <0.01 ppm, which are high in supply shortage due to soaring demand, can, under the excessive environmental risk and <1% recycling rate of their production, be termed as 'critical' in a limited geo-boundary. A global trend to the green energy and low carbon technologies with geopolitical scenario is challenging for the sustainable reclamation of these metals from secondary resources. Among the available processes, bio-reclamation can be a sustainable technique for extracting and concentrating these metals. Therefore, in the present paper, the potential reclamation of critical metals (including rare earth elements, precious metals, and a common nuclear fuel element, uranium) via their interaction with microbe/s has been reviewed.

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“…The most vital bio-reclamating Figure 1. Periodic table indicating the critical and scarce metals taken into this study [1][2][3].…”

Section: Potentially Important Microbes and Mechanism Of Bio-reclamationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Bio-Reclamation of Strategic and Energy Critical Metals from Secondary Resources

Ilyas

Kim

Lee

et al. 2017

Metals

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…and 143.98 pm, respectively, giving rise to enhanced phonon scatering by point defects [81][82][83][84]. Furthermore, La-alloying has commercial outcomes, since La is the most inexpensive element compared to constituents of AgSbTe 2 alloy and is one of the less inexpensive ones among energy-critical elements [85].…”

Section: Efects Of La-alloying On Thermoelectric Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

Silver-Antimony-Telluride: From First-Principles Calculations to Thermoelectric Applications

Amouyal¹

2016

Thermoelectrics for Power Generation - A Look at Trends in the Technology

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Silver-antimony-telluride (AgSbTe 2 ) based compounds have emerged as a promising class of materials for thermoelectric (TE) power generation at the mid-temperature range. This Chapter demonstrates utilization of irst-principles calculations for predicting TE properties of AgSbTe 2 -based compounds and experimental validations. Predictive calculations of the efects of La-doping on vibrational and electronic properties of AgSbTe 2 compounds are performed applying the density functional theory (DFT), and temperature-dependent TE transport coeicients are evaluated applying the Bolzmann transport theory (BTE). Experimentally, model ternary (AgSbTe 2 ) and quaternary (3 at. % La-AgSbTe 2 ) compounds were synthesized, for which TE transport coeicients were measured, indicating that thermal conductivity decreases due to La-alloying. The later also reduces electrical conductivity and increases Seebeck coeicients. All trends correspond with those predicted from irst-principles. Thermal stability issues are essential for TE device operation at service conditions, e.g. changes of matrix composition and second-phase precipitation, and are also addressed in this study on both computational and experimental aspects. It is shown that La-alloying afects TE igure-of-merit positively, e.g., improving from 0.35 up to 0.50 at 260 °C. We highlight the universal aspects of this approach that can be applied for other TE compounds. This enables us screening their performance prior to synthesis in laboratory.Keywords: silver-antimony-telluride, irst-principles calculations, thermoelectric transport properties, Bolzmann transport theory, latice dynamics, thermal stability IntroductionIt is of utmost technological importance to develop predictive tools that will provide us with information about design of materials' functional properties. In this context, density functional theory (DFT) irst-principle calculations ofer us such possibilities [1][2][3][4] Despite of relatively high ZT values of AgSbTe 2 phase, it is still challenging to increase them to the range of 2-3. Reaching at this limit will enable us employing this material for energy conversion at power levels >500 W [34]. Reduction in latice thermal conductivity is a conventional way to enhance TE performance and is achieved by either doping with solute elements [35] or formation of second phases to stimulate phonon scatering [36][37][38]. These latice defects afect, of course, electronic properties, mainly electrical conductivity and Seebeck coeicient. Atempts to improve TE properties of AgSbTe 2 -based alloys by doping with diferent elements [19,25,[39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47] Notwithstanding the aforementioned successful experimental and computational atempts, a set of experimental routines, that is initiated and directed by predictions from irst principles for complete TE performance or any other computational procedure, is missing. Thermoelectrics for Power Generation -A Look at Trends in the Technology 148A signiicant step in this direction is introduced by o...

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