Energy-Efficient Climate Control in Electric Vehicles Through Innovative Sensor Technology and Novel Methods for Thermal Comfort Evaluation

Metzmacher, Henning; Wölki, Daniel; Schmidt, Carolin; Frisch, Jérôme; Treeck, Christoph van

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-47196-9_6

Cited by 1 publication

(13 citation statements)

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“…The latter is feasible, using thermophysiological models that consider characteristics such as age, gender or body constitution of individuals. Such a system is introduced in [15,[153][154][155][156].…”

Section: Innovative Control System For Personalized Thermal Comfort Pmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This makes predictions about the impact of locally supplied heating or cooling possible. The contactless skin temperature measurement was realized by Metzmacher et al [15,153,155] applying thermographic pose and face recognition. This developed independent system is integrated in the expandable and modular "human-centered closed loop control"-platform (HCCLC-platform).…”

Section: Real-time Skin-measurement For Smart and Personalized Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to Metzmacher et al [15,153,155] the data server serves as abstraction layer for multi-modal, real-time data communication and acts as proxy between hardware and software components. Signals can be sent and demanded simultaneously, and the received data can be saved in an external database.…”

Section: Data Server and Data Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The data server developed by Metzmacher et al [15,153,155] is implemented in Java and contains a HTTP-interface for the connection with various independent modules via TCP/IP applying an XML schema. A dedicated software which transforms the serial data into the XML schema and transfers the information towards the data server allows the integration of serial devices, too.…”

Section: Data Server and Data Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several independent software components are connected with the data server and enable the processing of conventional sensor data about the air temperature, relative humidity, air velocity and average radiant temperature; the recognition of thermal and segmental data, and their visualization. The fundamental system of Metzmacher et al [15,153,155] is highly expandable and numerous calculation models for statistical evaluation can be integrated via TCP/IP. All the connected modules are allowed to request and send data points.…”

Section: Data Server and Data Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Personal Climatization Systems—A Review on Existing and Upcoming Concepts

et al. 2018

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To accomplish the current climate goals of the federal republic of Germany, energy efficiency within the building and automotive sector must improve considerably. One possible way to reduce the high amount of energy required for heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning (HVAC) is the introduction of personal climatization systems in combination with the extension of the standardized room air temperature range. Personal systems allow improvements of climatic conditions (heating, cooling, and air quality) within sub-areas of the room instead of conditioning an entire room air volume. In this regard, personal systems are perfectly suitable for locations with local air-conditioning focal points, such as open-plan offices and vehicle cabins, where they substantially improve the energy efficiency of the entire system. This work aims to summarize previously conducted research in the area of personal climatization systems. The investigated local thermal actuators comprise fans for the generation of air movement, ventilators for the improvement of the air quality within the respiratory area of persons, water-conditioned panels for the climatization of persons via longwave radiation and conduction, radiant heaters, and combinations of the systems. Personal systems are superior to mixing ventilation regarding the improvement of the perceived air quality and thermal comfort. Furthermore, the introduced overview shows that personal climatization systems are generally more energy-efficient than conventional air-conditioning and facilitates the extension of the indoor air temperature corridor of the HVAC. Table fans and climatized seats are highly effective in connection with the improvement of personal thermal comfort. The performance of the overwhelming majority of applied personal environmental control systems is user-controlled or depends on a predefined load profile, which is generally defined person independent. Single studies reveal that effectively controlled automated systems have a similar thermal impact on a user’s thermal comfort as user-controlled ones. The implementation of an automated control system is feasible by using novel approaches such as the so-called human-centered closed loop control-platform (HCCLC-platform). The latter contains a central data server which allows asynchronous, bi-directional communication between multi-modal sensor data, user feedback systems, thermal actuators and numerical calculation models used to assess the individual thermal comfort of a person. This enables a continuous and holistic reflection of the thermal situation inside a room and the estimation of the corresponding impact on an individual’s thermal comfort. Considering the measured and simulated thermal state of a single person, the described system is capable of determining body-part-specific energy requirements that are needed to keep the overall thermal comfort level of an individual person on a high level.

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Section: Innovative Control System For Personalized Thermal Comfort Pmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Real-time Skin-measurement For Smart and Personalized Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Data Server and Data Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Data Server and Data Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Data Server and Data Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

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