“…Shape optimization problems arise in many industrial applications, such as the design optimization of airplanes [27], automobiles [23], electric motors [11], microchannel systems [5,6], polymer spin packs [16,20], and melting furnaces [19]. For the solution of such problems, shape optimization based on shape calculus (see, e.g., [8]) has attracted lots of research interest in recent years, with particular regards to the development of efficient solution algorithms.…”