Energy-efficient Multi-hop Routing with Unequal Clustering Approach for Wireless Sensor Networks

Assari, Younes El

doi:10.2139/ssrn.3646862

Cited by 6 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 24 publications

(39 reference statements)

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“…A cluster size decreases as its distance to BS decreases. As a result, clusters closer to BS are expected to have smaller cluster sizes, so the intracluster energy consumption of a CH closer to the BS is low [19].…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Competition-Based Unequal Clustering Multihop Approach for Wireless Sensor Networks

Liu

et al. 2021

Security and Communication Networks

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The energy efficiency and stability of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have always been a hot issue in the research. Clustering is a typical architecture for WSNs, and cluster heads (CHs) play a vital role. Unreasonable CH selection causes a lot of energy consumption. In this paper, we propose a competition-based unequal clustering multihop approach (CUCMA). CHs are selected by competition. First, the cluster radius (CR) of a node is calculated according to the distance to base station (BS). Then, CR is resized based on the number of around nodes. Only the nodes with high residual energy and appropriate distances to the selected CHs maybe become CHs, which are usually closer to the surrounding nodes. CUCMA and four related approaches are simulated in different scenarios. The results are analyzed, and it is proved that CUCMA balances the energy consumption of the CHs and reduces the energy consumption of the whole networks, thus leading to prolong the lifetime of WSNs.

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Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In other words, the CR decreases while the distance to BS reduces. R i presents the CR of node i. References [19,29] give the formula of R i which is as follows:…”

Section: Cluster Radiusmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Competition-Based Unequal Clustering Multihop Approach for Wireless Sensor Networks

Liu

et al. 2021

Security and Communication Networks

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“…Jung is a Java-based library that allows modelling and displaying a wireless network as a graph. The performance of UCKA is evaluated against two similar (in terms of objectives) clustering protocols, namely, EMUC [11] and MH-LEACH [1]. Sensor nodes are randomly deployed over a large area (1000 × 1000 m 2 ).…”

Section: Performance Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This issue is known as the hot spot problem [8]. One solution to mitigate this problem is the use of unequal clustering method, where the network is partitioned into uneven clusters as in Energy-efficient Multi-hop routing with Unequal Clustering (EMUC) [11] and Multi-hop Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (MH-LEACH) [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Distributed Energy-Efficient Unequal Clustering based Kruskal Heuristic for IoT Networks

Batta¹,

Aliouat²,

Mabed³

et al. 2022

Machine Learning &Amp; Applications

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Energy efficiency is a major concern and a critical issue for energy constrained wireless networks. In this context, clustering is commonly used for topology management and maximizing the network lifetime. Clustering approaches typically use a multi-hopping mechanism where Cluster Heads (CHs) near the Base Station (BS) consume higher energy since they relay data of farther CHs. Therefore, nodes close to the BS are strangled with an overloaded routing task and tend to die earlier than their intended lifetime, which affects the network performance. This situation is known as the hot spot problem that induces unbalanced energy consumption among CHs. The concern in this work is to address the intra-clustering structure in large scale environments to tolerate the network scaling and reasonably balance the energy consumption among CHs. In this regard, we propose a new Unequal Clustering algorithm based on Kruskal heuristic (UCKA) to optimize the network lifetime. UCKA applies the Kruskal heuristic in a distributed fashion to perform a minimum spanning tree within large cluster which strengthen the intracluster routing structure and reduce the energy devoted to wireless communications. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first solution that combines the Kruskal heuristic and the unequal clustering to extend the devices durability and alleviate the hot spot problem. Simulation results indicate that UCKA can effectively reduce the energy consumption and lengthen the network lifetime.

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“…Clusters closer to the BS node are smaller in size than those far from the BS [ 27 ]. However, this protocol utilizes one cluster head for aggregation and data transmission to the base station [ 28 ]. The energy-efficient multi-hop unequal clustering method was proposed based on the routing approach.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy-Efficient Wireless Sensor Network with an Unequal Clustering Protocol Based on a Balanced Energy Method (EEUCB)

Jasim

Idris

Azzuhri

et al. 2021

Sensors

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A hot spot problem is a problem where cluster nodes near to the base station (BS) tend to drain their energy much faster than other nodes due to the need to perform more communication. Unequal clustering methods such as unequal clustering routing (UDCH) and energy-efficient fuzzy logic for unequal clustering (EEFUC) have been proposed to address this problem. However, these methods only concentrate on utilizing residual energy and the distance of sensor nodes to the base station, while limited attention is given to enhancing the data transmission process. Therefore, this paper proposes an energy-efficient unequal clustering scheme based on a balanced energy method (EEUCB) that utilizes minimum and maximum distance to reduce energy wastage. Apart from that, the proposed EEUCB also utilizes the maximum capacity of node energy and double cluster head technique with a sleep-awake mechanism. Furthermore, EEUCB has devised a clustering rotation strategy based on two sub-phases, namely intra- and inter-clustering techniques, that considers the average energy threshold, average distance threshold, and BS layering node. The performance of the proposed EEUCB protocol is then compared with various prior techniques. From the result, it can be observed that the proposed EEUCB protocol shows lifetime improvements of 57.75%, 19.63%, 14.7%, and 13.06% against low-energy adaptive clustering hierarchy (LEACH), factor-based LEACH FLEACH, EEFUC, and UDCH, respectively.

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Energy-efficient Multi-hop Routing with Unequal Clustering Approach for Wireless Sensor Networks

Cited by 6 publications

References 24 publications

A Competition-Based Unequal Clustering Multihop Approach for Wireless Sensor Networks

A Competition-Based Unequal Clustering Multihop Approach for Wireless Sensor Networks

A Distributed Energy-Efficient Unequal Clustering based Kruskal Heuristic for IoT Networks

Energy-Efficient Wireless Sensor Network with an Unequal Clustering Protocol Based on a Balanced Energy Method (EEUCB)

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