Energy loss in the left ventricle obtained by vector flow mapping as a new quantitative measure of severity of aortic regurgitation: a combined experimental and clinical study

Stugaard, Marie; Koriyama, H; Katsuki, Keiko; Masuda, Kasumi; Asanuma, Toshihiko; Takeda, Yasuharu; Sakata, Yasushi; Itatani, Keiichi; Nakatani, Satoshi

doi:10.1093/ehjci/jev035

Cited by 108 publications

(91 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The vortex enables efficient blood streaming and minimizes the flow dissipative EL [24–27]. However, heart valvular disease, ischemic heart disease, dyssynchrony of the left ventricle, or mitral valve replacement surgery can alter the intraventricular vortex configuration and increase EL [8, 9, 20, 22, 28–31]. Increased EL stresses the heart and impairs cardiac function [9, 10].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, heart valvular disease, ischemic heart disease, dyssynchrony of the left ventricle, or mitral valve replacement surgery can alter the intraventricular vortex configuration and increase EL [8, 9, 20, 22, 28–31]. Increased EL stresses the heart and impairs cardiac function [9, 10]. Although it is useful to calculate EL in order to assess the cardiac load, EL decreases in cases of severe deterioration of cardiac function [8].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This vortex facilitates inflow into the ventricle, minimizes the dissipation of energy, preserves momentum, and redirects the flow toward the left ventricular outflow [3–7]. Valvular heart disease and ischemic heart disease change the vortex configuration and increase dissipative energy loss (EL) [8, 9]. The intraventricular vortex and its energetic efficiency affect the patient’s outcome [10, 11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The intraventricular vortex and its energetic efficiency affect the patient’s outcome [10, 11]. For example, diastolic EL increases in aortic regurgitation proportionally to its severity [9], and the energy loss index provides independent and prognostic information additional to that derived from conventional measures of aortic stenosis severity [10]. In addition, in pediatric cases, EL is associated with an impaired relaxation of the ventricle among patients with Fontan circulation [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Vector flow mapping analysis of left ventricular energetic performance in healthy adult volunteers

Akiyama

Maeda

Matsuyama³

et al. 2017

BMC Cardiovasc Disord

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BackgroundVector flow mapping, a novel flow visualization echocardiographic technology, is increasing in popularity. Energy loss reference values for children have been established using vector flow mapping, but those for adults have not yet been provided. We aimed to establish reference values in healthy adults for energy loss, kinetic energy in the left ventricular outflow tract, and the energetic performance index (defined as the ratio of kinetic energy to energy loss over one cardiac cycle).MethodsTransthoracic echocardiography was performed in fifty healthy volunteers, and the stored images were analyzed to calculate energy loss, kinetic energy, and energetic performance index and obtain ranges of reference values for these.ResultsMean energy loss over one cardiac cycle ranged from 10.1 to 59.1 mW/m (mean ± SD, 27.53 ± 13.46 mW/m), with a reference range of 10.32 ~ 58.63 mW/m. Mean systolic energy loss ranged from 8.5 to 80.1 (23.52 ± 14.53) mW/m, with a reference range of 8.86 ~ 77.30 mW/m. Mean diastolic energy loss ranged from 7.9 to 86 (30.41 ± 16.93) mW/m, with a reference range of 8.31 ~ 80.36 mW/m. Mean kinetic energy in the left ventricular outflow tract over one cardiac cycle ranged from 200 to 851.6 (449.74 ± 177.51) mW/m with a reference range of 203.16 ~ 833.15 mW/m. The energetic performance index ranged from 5.3 to 37.6 (18.48 ± 7.74), with a reference range of 5.80 ~ 36.67.ConclusionsEnergy loss, kinetic energy, and energetic performance index reference values were defined using vector flow mapping. These reference values enable the assessment of various cardiac conditions in any clinical situation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Vector flow mapping analysis of left ventricular energetic performance in healthy adult volunteers

Akiyama

Maeda

Matsuyama³

et al. 2017

BMC Cardiovasc Disord

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“…To produce a 2-D field, this technique assumes that the out-of-plane components are small. VFM is readily available in Hitachi scanners and has been tested in several clinical situations [114], [115], [116]. It has also been assessed in patients with echocardiographic data extracted from GE (General Electric Healthcare) Vivid scanners [117], [118], [119], [120].…”

Section: Color-doppler Based Vector Flow Mappingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasound Vector Flow Imaging: I: Sequential Systems

Jensen

Nikolov²,

et al. 2016

IEEE Trans. Ultrason., Ferroelect., Freq. Contr.

108

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Abstract-The paper gives a review of the most important methods for blood velocity vector flow imaging (VFI) for conventional, sequential data acquisition. This includes multibeam methods, speckle tracking, transverse oscillation, color flow mapping derived vector flow imaging, directional beamforming, and variants of these. The review covers both 2-D and 3-D velocity estimation and gives a historical perspective on the development along with a summary of various vector flow visualization algorithms. The current state-of-the-art is explained along with an overview of clinical studies conducted and methods for presenting and using VFI. A number of examples of VFI images are presented, and the current limitations and potential solutions are discussed.

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Hemodynamic Measurements

Friedberg¹,

Villemain²

2021

Echocardiography in Pediatric and Congenital Heart Disease

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Energy loss in the left ventricle obtained by vector flow mapping as a new quantitative measure of severity of aortic regurgitation: a combined experimental and clinical study

Abstract: VFM provides a promising method to quantify diastolic EL in AR. Diastolic EL increases in AR proportional to its severity. EL may be useful to determine the severity of disease from the aspect of cardiac load.

Cited by 108 publications

References 21 publications

Vector flow mapping analysis of left ventricular energetic performance in healthy adult volunteers

Vector flow mapping analysis of left ventricular energetic performance in healthy adult volunteers

Ultrasound Vector Flow Imaging: I: Sequential Systems

Hemodynamic Measurements

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