Energy router: Architectures and functionalities toward Energy Internet

Xu, Youzhi; Zhang, Jianhua; Wang, Wenye; Juneja, Avik; Bhattacharya, Subhashish

doi:10.1109/smartgridcomm.2011.6102340

Cited by 118 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Presence of plug-and-play interface is crucial because the coupling and decoupling of renewable energy systems and storage devices can cause disruptions in the grid, and selection of apposite converter topology is important [151], [152]. The plug-andplay interface and an open-source-standard based software for the communication would be integrated to a device called Energy Router [153], [154] which functions similar to the network router in information internet. Research and development of energy router are at the nascent stage [155].…”

Section: The Energy Internet -An Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Utility cell injects power to the network to balance the demand and supply in case the supply from the energy cells is not matched with the demand. Communication module in the energy router communicates with other energy routers to transfer the demand and supply parameters data [154], [158]. Energy storage plays an important role in the Energy Internet, but so far, the impact of energy storage has not been studied extensively.…”

Section: A Structure Of Energy Internetmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Smart Grid to Energy Internet: A Systematic Review of Transitioning Electricity Systems

Joseph

Balachandra

2020

IEEE Access

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The concept of Energy Internet has emerged from the limitless possibilities of energy sharing networks formed by interconnection of electricity producers cum consumers (prosumers) with renewable energy sources/systems, electric loads, and storage devices. Energy Internet represents a radical transformation of traditional electricity system by orchestrating real-time bidirectional power, communication, and money flows. This transformation is expected to be resultant of ongoing renewable energy transitions and evolution in the energy technologies such as smart grids, storage devices, vehicle-togrid, etc. Energy Internet will rely on wide spectrum of Information and Communication Technologies such as Internet of Things, Artificial Intelligence, Blockchains, Payment Interfaces, etc. These technologies have achieved a state of evolution to facilitate seamless bidirectional flows in the Energy Internet. This paper has attempted to study the aptness of Energy Internet for a transitioning electricity system by focusing on national electricity systems across the globe. Firstly, study delves into discussion on studies related to smart grids since it is the precursor of Energy Internet, and various other studies which discuss the developments that likely to enable smooth transition of present electricity system to Energy Internet. Secondly, a systematic review of literature related to state-of-the-art of Energy Internet is performed to outline its structure, operational features and energy market mechanisms. We find that while system infrastructures, technologies, and operational principles across globe are adequately ready for the transition to Energy Internet, hindrances put forth by the policies, regulations, government agencies and institutions need to be addressed to realize a nationwide Energy Internet.

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Section: The Energy Internet -An Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: A Structure Of Energy Internetmentioning

confidence: 99%

Smart Grid to Energy Internet: A Systematic Review of Transitioning Electricity Systems

Joseph

Balachandra

2020

IEEE Access

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“…In this market, energy is freely and equally traded and exchanged in the form of peer-to-peer, and users are energy prosumers. In addition, in this energy asset market, energy router [28], [29], [37] is the core equipment (see Figure 1(b), which is treated as an interface of energy production, consumption and transmission infrastructures [37], and controls the energy flow of the whole system. Therefore, for the energy internet, in order to give full play to its role, it is crucial to develop corresponding equipment to connect all energy-using and energy-supplying equipment, thereby making various energy equipment become observable and controllable in energy internet, and ultimately achieving the goal of providing a higher level of service to the energy equipment.…”

Section: A Concept Definition 1) Characteristics Of Energy Internet and Its Demands For Energy Equipment Accessmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on this, in order to generate better trading mechanisms for supply and demand interactions and realize real-time matching of supply and demand information by the energy internet, thereby allowing each end-user to actively become a prosumer of energy while also conducting electricity trading all the time. This cannot be achieved only relying on current energy-using equipment itself, and is also not possible with energy router, which is the core equipment of the energy internet [28]. For this reason, it is necessary to provide an energy utilization facility as a medium device to effectively access to the energy internet.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy Internet Access Equipment Integrating Cyber-Physical Systems: Concepts, Key Technologies, System Development, and Application Prospects

Cheng

Jiang

et al. 2019

IEEE Access

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This paper systematically proposes a novel concept of energy Internet access equipment (AE) integrating cyber-physical systems (CPSs). First, based on the concept and characteristics of energy Internet AE, we comprehensively investigate its global system development, including overall framework and functions design, core hardware equipment development, and software system design and development. Among these, the hardware part containing five major types of equipment is used to achieve a unified connection of various distributed energy equipment; the software part, consisting of three categories of system platforms (i.e., local energy management system, cloud Web page system, and user-side APP), is applied to integrate energy management and distributed coordination control. Moreover, we carry out an initial practice for this proposed energy Internet AE. Based on this, finally, we prospect future application scenarios for the energy Internet AE from multiple aspects. As a unified interface platform, the proposed energy Internet AE is directly applied for end-users to connect various energy supply and utilization equipment to the energy Internet, so as to monitor and coordinate the distributed energy equipment in real time and, finally, to realize the bidirectional circulation of energy flow and information flow in smart grid. The biggest innovation of this paper lies in comprehensively proposing a novel concept of energy Internet AE from the perspective of the CPS, with an aim of hoping to provide some thoughts for end-users to access the energy Internet efficiently and conveniently through such equipment in the future.INDEX TERMS Energy Internet access equipment, energy Internet, comprehensive energy systems, cyber-physical systems, unified interface platform, energy management, distributed coordination control, energy flow, information flow, bidirectional circulation, smart grid, distributed energy and equipment.

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“…Additionally, several topologies of power routers have been developed over the years. Kado et al developed a multi-port routers for AC or DC power transfer [152], Hayashi et al developed a digital grid router with bi-directional energy flow capabilities [153], an energy router that has the capability of intelligently managing energy flow between microgrids [154] was developed by Liu et al and the use of smart AC/AC conversion systems [155] was developed by Kordonis et al The basic functional requirement of a very good energy routing architecture is an efficient power electronic converter design, low latency in information exchange, highly reliable communication medium, high level of information and data security, and intelligent grid connectivity [156][157][158][159][160]. The development of an optimal and efficient energy routing algorithm would ensure an efficient energy transfer from the generating units to the load points.…”

Section: Optimal Energy Routingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Future Challenges and Mitigation Methods for High Photovoltaic Penetration: A Survey

et al. 2018

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Integration of high volume (high penetration) of photovoltaic (PV) generation with power grids consequently leads to some technical challenges that are mainly due to the intermittent nature of solar energy, the volume of data involved in the smart grid architecture, and the impact power electronic-based smart inverters. These challenges include reverse power flow, voltage fluctuations, power quality issues, dynamic stability, big data challenges and others. This paper investigates the existing challenges with the current level of PV penetration and looks into the challenges with high PV penetration in future scenarios such as smart cities, transactive energy, proliferation of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs), possible eclipse events, big data issues and environmental impacts. Within the context of these future scenarios, this paper reviewed the existing solutions and provides insights to new and future solutions that could be explored to ultimately address these issues and improve the smart grid's security, reliability and resiliency.

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Energy router: Architectures and functionalities toward Energy Internet

Cited by 118 publications

References 6 publications

Smart Grid to Energy Internet: A Systematic Review of Transitioning Electricity Systems

Smart Grid to Energy Internet: A Systematic Review of Transitioning Electricity Systems

Energy Internet Access Equipment Integrating Cyber-Physical Systems: Concepts, Key Technologies, System Development, and Application Prospects

Future Challenges and Mitigation Methods for High Photovoltaic Penetration: A Survey

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