“…[1][2][3][4] Among different energy storage systems, battery energy storage systems (BESSs) have received greater attention at present due to their high reliability, possibility of implementing in medium scale-units, dynamic local voltage support, low environmental impact and many other factors. 5 But the implementation and operation of BESS are surrounded by several challenges, such as unbalanced loading and single-phase distributed-generating units, short term loading by EV (electric vehicles) charges, load dynamics due to intermittency of renewable power sources, inherent thermal build up in BESS, possibility of wide range fluctuation of battery state of charge (SOC) level, variation of battery performance with battery temperature, and so forth. 6 Therefore, in order to investigate the influence of all such issues on BESS, an accurate model is required for the battery itself and the microgrid as a whole.…”