Engagement in meaningful activity and “active support” of people with intellectual disabilities in residential care

The effect of active support training on engagement, opportunities for choice, challenging behaviour and support needs

“…By contrast, participants in the Bradshaw et al (2004) study, for example, had severe or profound ID, more than half had sensory impairments, and over half could not walk independently or without verbal encouragement. Similarly, Jones et al (1997) and others (Jones et al, 2001;Mansell et al, 2002) included residents with more severe levels of ID and with more associated impairments than the residents in the present study.…”

“…Unlike Jones et al, the researchers did not find a significant relationship between level of assistance received and severity of disability (i.e., residents with more severe disabilities did not receive more assistance). Mansell, Elliott, Beadle-Brown, Ashman, and Macdonald (2002) also reported a significant increase in mean engagement in meaningful activity, as well as in adaptive behaviour, for residents in AS houses, but not for residents in control houses (i.e., no AS training).…”

Desinstitucionalización y vida en la comunidad: Declaración del Grupo de Investigación sobre Política y Práctica Comparativas, de la Asociación Internacional para el Estudio Científico de las Discapacidades Intelectuales (IASSID)

“…La investigación previa sugiere que la forma en que el personal presta apoyo a las personas que tiene a su cuidado es un determinante clave de los resultados. Esta conclusión se ha alcanzado en estudios comparativos entre hogares y otros entornos (Felce, 1996(Felce, , 1998Felce, De Kock y Repp, 1986;Felce et al, 1991;Mansell, 1994Mansell, , 1995Mansell et al, 1984), en estudios experimentales dentro de los hogares (Bradshaw et al, 2004;Jones et al, 2001;Jones et al, 1999;Mansell et al, 2002) y en estudios de regresión Hatton et al, 1996;Mansell et al, 2003). En general, parece que cuando la privación material y social que se encuentra en las instituciones se aborda sustituyendo éstas por servicios comunitarios de pequeño tamaño, las variables que se relacionan más directamente con algunos beneficios importantes para las personas usuarias son la necesidad de apoyo del residente (es decir, su conducta adaptativa) y las prácticas del personal en cuanto a los cuidados (en particular, la medida en que prestan asistencia facilitadora o 'apoyo activo' (Brown, Toogood y Brown, 1987; Felce, Jones y Lowe, 2000; Jones et al, 1996, Mansell et al, 2005Mansell et al, 1987b).…”

Interactive training

“…Following training in AS, staff teams have been found to provide more assistance for client participation (e.g., Bradshaw et al, 2004;Jones, Felce, et al, 2001;Jones, Perry, et al, 1999;Mansell, Elliott, Beadle-Brown, Ashman, & Macdonald, 2002;Stancliffe, Harman, Toogood, & McVilly, 2007), and support that is more effective, delivered in better ratio to need, and positively correlated with improvements in client engagement (Felce et al, 2000;Smith, Felce, Jones, & Lowe 2002).…”