Engaging Men and Boys for Gender-Transformative WASH: Part 2, Frontiers of Sanitation

Cavill, Sue; Huggett, Chelsea; Mott, Jose

doi:10.19088/slh.2022.004

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Their experiences must be at the centre of adaptive WASH programming to support them during these lifestages. Engaging with men and boys will also help to challenge and change social norms and stigma, and increase awareness and understanding (Cavill et al 2022). Participatory and feminist approaches can be useful for understanding women's issues that are not spoken about and hidden.…”

Section: How To Talk About the (Peri)menopausementioning

confidence: 99%

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The Menopause: Hidden WASH Needs

Bhakta,

Vernon

2023

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This SLH Learning Paper provides practical guidance for the WASH sector on meeting the additional needs of women going through the (peri)menopause, a phase of life rarely spoken about. The paper outlines what the perimenopause and menopause are, and how the WASH sector can use feminist and participatory methods to engage with this taboo topic. It draws on data from Ghana and the UK to illustrate (peri)menopausal women’s hidden water needs for bathing, laundry and drinking, and sanitation and hygiene needs to support menstrual health and hygiene, and incontinence management. The paper provides practical tips for WASH practitioners to adapt existing programmes to integrate the (peri)menopause, outlining actions for programme start up and design, and programming activities which need to be undertaken.

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Section: How To Talk About the (Peri)menopausementioning

confidence: 99%

“…RBOs who can help improve levels of knowledge, challenge social norms, including men's groups (Cavill et al 2022).…”

Section: ¤ Identify Potential Champions Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Menopause: Hidden WASH Needs

Bhakta,

Vernon

2023

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“…This gendered division of water collection labor is most pronounced in patriarchal, rural, and agricultural communities, including in India. This basic understanding is linked to the growth of "gender-sensitive" or "gender mainstreaming" water policy and intervention that targets alleviating burdens for women specifically (e.g., Carrard et al, 2013;Cavill et al, 2022;Grant et al, 2020;MacArthur et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Men's household water fetching in India: Gender inequity is associated with greater responsibility and related risks

Brewis,

Choudhary,

Wutich

2023

American J Hum Biol

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IntroductionHousehold water fetching elevates physical and emotional harms, and these are generally assumed to accrue to women due to gendered labor assignments. But even in cases like India where fetching remains a highly feminized task, there are households where the primary responsibility is assumed by men.MethodsWe test the proposition that men's responsibility for water fetching is predicted by greater gender equity, reflected in measures of wives' empowerment. We used an extremely large, nationally representative Demographic and Health Survey dataset from India (2019–2020), narrowed to only households in which spouses co‐reside with off‐plot water sources (N = 10 616), and applying a multinomial regression approach.ResultsIn >20% of households, men are the primary fetchers. They are more likely to have primary responsibility when water is more distant, privately purchased, or transported by vehicle. Contrary to predictions, men assume greater responsibility for household water fetching as their wives' empowerment measures decrease and when they want to control their movement.ConclusionMarried men in India sometimes assume responsibility for water fetching, but this is not explained by greater household gender equity. The findings also suggest that when men are responsible for fetching they have heightened risk of some forms of physical trauma but less relative psychological harm. Detailing why men fetch water matters for identifying and mitigating the physical and emotion harms of bearing responsibility for water labor, with implications for how gender should be conceptualized in water interventions intending to improve health and well‐being.

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“…These patterns are understood as embedded in status and power differentials-and their related intersectionalities-that tend to position women differently within households and communities, reflecting broader configurations of power, knowledge, and politics that historically favor men (e.g., Nunbogu et al, 2023;Sultana, 2021). These observations are together foundational to the argument for the necessity of "gender-sensitive," "gender mainstreaming," or "gender transformative" approaches to effective and just water policy and intervention (e.g., Carrard et al, 2013;Cavill et al, 2022;Grant et al, 2020;MacArthur et al, 2020). While significant and influential work has increasingly attended to other intersectional dimensions of difference and inequality important for water insecurity such as by income, race, class, and caste (see Mollett & Faria, 2013;O'Leary, 2019, among others), our work here recognizes more needs to be done to attend to water insecurity in ways also inclusive of gender and sexual diversity.…”

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confidence: 97%

Gender identities, water insecurity, and risk: Re‐theorizing the connections for a gender‐inclusive toolkit for water insecurity research

Brewis,

DuBois,

Wutich

et al. 2023

WIREs Water

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Informed by decades of literature, water interventions increasingly deploy “gender‐sensitive” or even “gender transformative” approaches that seek to redress the disproportionate harms women face from water insecurity. These efforts recognize the role of gendered social norms and unequal power relations but often focus narrowly on the differences and dynamics between cisgender (cis) men and women. This approach renders less visible the ways that living with water insecurity can differentially affect all individuals through the dynamics of gender, sexuality, and linked intersecting identities. Here, we first share a conceptual toolkit that explains gender as fluid, negotiated, and diverse beyond the cis‐binary. Using this as a starting point, we then review what is known and can be theorized from current literature, identifying limited observations from water‐insecure communities to identify examples of contexts where gendered mechanisms (such as social norms) differentiate experiences of water insecurity, such as elevating risks of social stigma, physical harm, or psychological distress. We then apply this approach to consider expanded ways to include transgender, non‐binary, and gender and sexual diversity to deepen, nuance and expand key thematics and approaches for water insecurity research. Reconceptualizing gender in these ways widens theoretical possibilities, changes how we collect data, and imagines new possibilities for effective and just water interventions.This article is categorized under: Human Water > Value of Water Engineering Water > Water, Health, and Sanitation Human Water > Water as Imagined and Represented Human Water > Methods

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Engaging Men and Boys for Gender-Transformative WASH: Part 2, Frontiers of Sanitation

Cited by 4 publications

References 2 publications

The Menopause: Hidden WASH Needs

The Menopause: Hidden WASH Needs

Men's household water fetching in India: Gender inequity is associated with greater responsibility and related risks

Gender identities, water insecurity, and risk: Re‐theorizing the connections for a gender‐inclusive toolkit for water insecurity research

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