Engineered multifunctional nanowires as novel biosensing tools for highly sensitive detection

Abstract

Advances in semiconductive nanowires with novel electronic and optical properties contribute towards new detection methods and revolutionize the way of biosensing. Owing to the large amount of literature pertaining to nanowires (indium oxide, polymer, silicon, and gold), the consequent proposal highlights the research published to feature ultra-sensitive handy biosensors. The focus of this article is the effective evaluation of the outstanding scientific challenges in one-dimensional nanostructures (nanowires) towards innovative and exceptional prospects in designing and fabrication of excellent primary transducers/sensors.

Nanobiosensors as new diagnostic tools for SARS, MERS and COVID-19: from past to perspectives

“…Silicon and indium oxide NWs are mostly explored as novel biosensing tools for highly sensitive virus detection, due to their wide bandgap, which broadens the scope of detection from purely electrochemical or FET-based detection to more simple optical methods [ 68 , 69 ].…”

Novel Nanoarchitectures Based on Lignin Nanoparticles for Electrochemical Eco-Friendly Biosensing Development

“…A variety of nanostructured materials have been utilized in the construction of biosensors, such as carbon-based materials like carbon nanotubes [ 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 ] and graphene [ 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 ], metal nanoparticles [ 22 , 23 , 24 ], quantum dots [ 25 ], nanowires [ 26 , 27 ] and magnetic nanoparticles [ 28 ]. Despite the extraordinary electrochemical properties of the nanobiosensors and their possibility of miniaturization for point-of-care (POC) use, drawbacks for clinical applications need to be solved.…”

Preparation of Conductive Gold Nanowires in Confined Environment of Gold-Filled Polymer Nanotubes

“…Very few top-down methods are capable of producing conductive metal nanofi bers, such as electron beam lithography or mechanical reduction. [ 3,8,9 ] In contrast, most the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) of poly( p -xylylene) (PPX): Continuous electrospun composite nanofi bers containing gold nanoparticles were homogeneously coated with PPX from the gas phase resulting in core-shell fi bers. Due to the high thermal stability of PPX, [ 18,19 ] the inner template polymer could be quantitatively removed, leading to PPX tubes fi lled with gold aggregates.…”

“…There are manifold applications for conductive metal nanowires ranging from microelectronics and sensorics to electrodes and catalysts featuring a very large surface area . Furthermore, nanowires can be used for the production of LEDs and photovoltaic cells .…”

“…Despite the various potential applications, the preparation of continuous conductive metal nanowires remains a great challenge. Very few top‐down methods are capable of producing conductive metal nanofibers, such as electron beam lithography or mechanical reduction . In contrast, most bottom‐up processes are based on templates or self‐assembly effects .…”