Engineering nucleation/crystallization to intensify the enzymatic reactions and fermentation: A review

Exploitation of a New Nucleating Agent by Molecular Structure Modification of Aryl Phosphate and Its Effect on Application Properties of the Polypropylene

“…The T c,p of pure PP is 107.6 • C. When the addition amount of APAl-3C-12Li is 0.5 wt%, the T c,p of PP/AP-3 composite reaches 118.8 • C and the ∆T c,p is 11.2 • C. When the addition amount of NA-21 is 0.5 wt%, the PP/NA-3 composite reaches the largest value, increasing to 118.9 • C. The crystallization results show that the addition of the nucleating agent (APAl-3C-12Li or NA-21) can move the T c,p value to the high-temperature region, promoting the PP composite crystallization at higher temperatures. The literature cites that the higher the T c,p , the stronger the nucleation ability and the faster the crystallization rate [43], indicating the presence of APAl-3C-12Li or NA-21 as an efficient nucleating agent. The ∆H c value of PP/AP composites with the incorporation of APAl-3C-12Li is always higher than that of PP/NA composites with the incorporation of NA-21 under the same addition amount, suggesting the superior nucleating ability of APAl-3C-12Li, which rapidly accelerates the crystallization of PP.…”

Magnetic separation of immobilized biocatalyst enables continuous manufacturing with a solids-forming reaction

“…19 Generally, reactive crystallization can be useful for process intensification, 20 overcoming unfavorable reaction equilibria, 18 and for isolation of desired intermediates as in the case of PGA-catalyzed β-lactam synthesis. 10,15,18,[20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31] The formation of solid product directly from solution-phase reactants provides increased selectivity in β-lactam production.…”