Engineering the metabolic pathways of lipid biosynthesis to develop robust microalgal strains for biodiesel production

Shahid, Ayesha; Rehman, A.; Usman, Muhammad; Ashraf, Muhammad; Javed, Muhammad Rizwan; Khan, Aqib Zafar; Gill, Saba Shahid; Mehmood, Muhammad Aamer

doi:10.1002/bab.1812

Cited by 34 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 97 publications

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“…A summary of the molecular studies employed for increasing lipid content without sacrificing biomass production is listed in Table 3. Among the considered strategies, suppressing competitive pathways such as lipid and carbohydrate catabolism is another approach for improving lipid productivity [85]. Carbohydrate metabolism is the most important pathway in microalgae for carbon storage and starch production.…”

Section: Lipid Biosynthesis Pathwaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving ‘Lipid Productivity’ in Microalgae by Bilateral Enhancement of Biomass and Lipid Contents: A Review

Shokravi

Ong

et al. 2020

Sustainability

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Microalgae have received widespread interest owing to their potential in biofuel production. However, economical microalgal biomass production is conditioned by enhancing the lipid accumulation without decreasing growth rate or by increasing both simultaneously. While extensive investigation has been performed on promoting the economic feasibility of microalgal-based biofuel production that aims to increase the productivity of microalgae species, only a handful of them deal with increasing lipid productivity (based on lipid contents and growth rate) in the feedstock production process. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of the recent advances and novel approaches in promoting lipid productivity (depends on biomass and lipid contents) in feedstock production from strain selection to after-harvesting stages. The current study comprises two parts. In the first part, bilateral improving biomass/lipid production will be investigated in upstream measures, including strain selection, genetic engineering, and cultivation stages. In the second part, the enhancement of lipid productivity will be discussed in the downstream measure included in the harvesting and after-harvesting stages. An integrated approach involving the strategies for increasing lipid productivity in up- and down-stream measures can be a breakthrough approach that would promote the commercialization of market-driven microalgae-derived biofuel production.

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Section: Lipid Biosynthesis Pathwaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving ‘Lipid Productivity’ in Microalgae by Bilateral Enhancement of Biomass and Lipid Contents: A Review

Shokravi

Ong

et al. 2020

Sustainability

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“…The lipid produced was trans-esterified to good quality biodiesel production. Furthermore, this strain had produced 117.35 mg g −1 of phycobilin outcompeting phycocyanin produced at 94.7 mg g −1 (80% of total pigments) [27].…”

Section: Economic Significance Of Microalgaementioning

confidence: 95%

Bio‐engineering of microalgae: Challenges and future prospects toward industrial and environmental applications

Muthukrishnan

2022

J Basic Microbiol

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Microalgae are complex metabolic machineries whose potential has been continuously tapped for wide range of applications. Their suboptimal biomass yield and bioactives production remain the mainstay for their commercialization. To surpass the limitations, genetic engineering and its decisive role in strain improvement have led to the enhancement of quality and yield of products. Meanwhile, the sporadic use of genetic engineering tools specifically toward microalgal strains has limited their applicability. In this context, this article was mainly prepared to highlight the characteristics of microalgae and the introduction of omics approach for the improvement of strain for biorefinery processes. Furthermore, genome editing and gene-interfering tools to augment algal research using reference strains have been described. The progress made by genetic engineering in editing a gene using CRISPR-Cas9 and metabolic engineering of microalgae for biofuel production and CO 2 sequestration have been critically reviewed. As a futuristic alternative, the transgenic microalgae would compete with the existing resources reducing the dependency on fossil fuel in terms of cost, energy production, and efficacy.

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“…Using synthetic biology, system biology, and molecular biology methods, the fourth-generation biofuels concentrate on genetic modifications of microalgal genomes to raise lipid amounts without challenging their biomass (Shahid et al 2020). The use of molecular biology to modify microalgae genetically is a better option for improving lipid productivity.…”

Section: Genetic Engineering Approach Towards Lipid Enhancement In Microalgaementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, omics technique eases to understand the mechanisms of stress-related lipid accumulation in microalgae which ultimately leads to the development of genetically improved microalgal strains with high lipid productivity (Khan et al 2018a, b;Shahid et al 2020). This review article studies the classical as well as current strategies used for the improvement of lipid accumulation in microalgae (Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current perspectives on integrated approaches to enhance lipid accumulation in microalgae

et al. 2021

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In recent years, research initiatives on renewable bioenergy or biofuels have been gaining momentum, not only due to fast depletion of finite reserves of fossil fuels but also because of the associated concerns for the environment and future energy security. In the last few decades, interest is growing concerning microalgae as the third-generation biofuel feedstock. The CO 2 fixation ability and conversion of it into value-added compounds, devoid of challenging food and feed crops, make these photosynthetic microorganisms an optimistic producer of biofuel from an environmental point of view. Microalgal-derived fuels are currently being considered as clean, renewable, and promising sustainable biofuel. Therefore, most research targets to obtain strains with the highest lipid productivity and a high growth rate at the lowest cultivation costs. Different methods and strategies to attain higher biomass and lipid accumulation in microalgae have been extensively reported in the previous research, but there are fewer inclusive reports that summarize the conventional methods with the modern techniques for lipid enhancement and biodiesel production from microalgae. Therefore, the current review focuses on the latest techniques and advances in different cultivation conditions, the effect of different abiotic and heavy metal stress, and the role of nanoparticles (NPs) in the stimulation of lipid accumulation in microalgae. Techniques such as genetic engineering, where particular genes associated with lipid metabolism, are modified to boost lipid synthesis within the microalgae, the contribution of "Omics" in metabolic pathway studies. Further, the contribution of CRISPR/Cas9 system technique to the production of microalgae biofuel is also briefly described.

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Engineering the metabolic pathways of lipid biosynthesis to develop robust microalgal strains for biodiesel production

Cited by 34 publications

References 97 publications

Improving ‘Lipid Productivity’ in Microalgae by Bilateral Enhancement of Biomass and Lipid Contents: A Review

Improving ‘Lipid Productivity’ in Microalgae by Bilateral Enhancement of Biomass and Lipid Contents: A Review

Bio‐engineering of microalgae: Challenges and future prospects toward industrial and environmental applications

Current perspectives on integrated approaches to enhance lipid accumulation in microalgae

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