Engineering three‐dimensional constructs of the periodontal ligament in hyaluronan–gelatin hydrogel films and a mechanically active environment

Saminathan, Aarthi; Vinoth, Kumar Jayaseelan; Low, H. H.; Cao, Tong; Meikle, Murray C.

doi:10.1111/jre.12072

Cited by 16 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…However, after 24 h of cyclic compressive strain, Saminathan et al . identified no significant differences in the expression of these genes between strained and control samples, which was similar to the results of a previous study from the same research group, as well as the present study . These findings emphasize the difficulty in selecting appropriate positive‐control genes for use in 3D culture, as well as the effect of varying regimens of compressive strain.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

An in‐vitro mechanical strain three‐dimensional culture model: periodontal ligament cell viability, apoptosis, and endoplasmic reticulum stress response

Firth

Milne

Seo

et al. 2020

European J Oral Sciences

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To develop a model to investigate a potential relationship between mechanical strain, cell responses, and endoplasmic reticulum stress in periodontal ligament (PDL) cells, primary PDL cell cultures were obtained from extracted premolars. Cells were cultured in hydrogel and subjected to 24 h of static mechanical strain, resulting in 18% dimensional substrate elongation. Cell viability, caspase‐3/7 activity, and mRNA levels for 28 genes, including unfolded protein response (UPR)‐related and mechanically responsive genes, serving as positive controls for stress induction, were examined. Compared with unstrained cultures, no difference in caspase activity was observed; however, viability responses differed between cell lines. Multiple UPR‐related genes were differentially upregulated, with marginal statistical significance, including cAMP responsive element binding protein 3 like 3 (CREB3L3) (mean fold‐regulation = 1.91), an adenosine monophosphate‐dependent transcription factor with roles in UPR activation and the acute inflammatory response; and the pro‐apoptotic UPR gene, endoplasmic reticulum to nucleus signaling 2 (ERN2) (mean fold‐regulation = 4.01). The observed effect on cell viability following strain with no change in caspase activity suggests that reduction in viability may be mediated via caspase‐3/7‐independent mechanisms. Three‐dimensional mechanical strain PDL cell culture models offer a method to study the role of endoplasmic reticulum stress and UPR, and provide a framework and potential UPR targets for future investigations.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

An in‐vitro mechanical strain three‐dimensional culture model: periodontal ligament cell viability, apoptosis, and endoplasmic reticulum stress response

Firth

Milne

Seo

et al. 2020

European J Oral Sciences

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“…Its Young's modulus has been observed to range from 10 kPa to 1750 MPa, making difficult to choose a viscoelastic biomaterial to respond to indeterminate nonlinear mechanical loading. 32 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface Entrapment of Fibronectin on Electrospun PLGA Scaffolds for Periodontal Tissue Engineering

Campos

Gritsch

Salles

et al. 2014

BioResearch Open Access

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Nowadays, the challenge in the tissue engineering field consists in the development of biomaterials designed to regenerate ad integrum damaged tissues. Despite the current use of bioresorbable polyesters such as poly(l-lactide) (PLA), poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA), and poly-ɛ-caprolactone in soft tissue regeneration researches, their hydrophobic properties negatively influence the cell adhesion. Here, to overcome it, we have developed a fibronectin (FN)-functionalized electrospun PLGA scaffold for periodontal ligament regeneration. Functionalization of electrospun PLGA scaffolds was performed by alkaline hydrolysis (0.1 or 0.01 M NaOH). Then, hydrolyzed scaffolds were coated by simple deposition of an FN layer (10 μg/mL). FN coating was evidenced by X-ray photoelectron analysis. A decrease of contact angle and greater cell adhesion to hydrolyzed, FN-coated PLGA scaffolds were noticed. Suitable degradation behavior without pH variations was observed for all samples up to 28 days. All treated materials presented strong shrinkage, fiber orientation loss, and collapsed fibers. However, functionalization process using 0.01 M NaOH concentration resulted in unchanged scaffold porosity, preserved chemical composition, and similar mechanical properties compared with untreated scaffolds. The proposed simplified method to functionalize electrospun PLGA fibers is an efficient route to make polyester scaffolds more biocompatible and shows potential for tissue engineering.

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“…Pooled primary human periodontal ligament fibroblasts (hPLFs) were obtained from a commercial source (ScienCell Research Laboratories) and were cultured as previously described [33, 34]. Briefly, the hPLFs were cultured in fibroblast medium [DMEM (high glucose) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum, 1 mM L-glutamine, and 1% penicillin/streptomycin].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Innate Immune Response of Human Embryonic Stem Cell‐Derived Fibroblasts and Mesenchymal Stem Cells to Periodontopathogens

Sriram

Natu

Islam

et al. 2016

Stem Cells International

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Periodontitis involves complex interplay of bacteria and host immune response resulting in destruction of supporting tissues of the tooth. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play a role in recognizing microbial pathogens and eliciting an innate immune response. Recently, the potential application of multipotent stem cells and pluripotent stem cells including human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) in periodontal regenerative therapy has been proposed. However, little is known about the impact of periodontopathogens on hESC-derived progenies. This study investigates the effects of heat-killed periodontopathogens, namely, Porphyromonas gingivalis and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, on TLR and cytokine expression profile of hESC-derived progenies, namely, fibroblasts (hESC-Fib) and mesenchymal stem cells (hESC-MSCs). Additionally, the serotype-dependent effect of A. actinomycetemcomitans on hESC-derived progenies was explored. Both hESC-Fib and hESC-MSCs constitutively expressed TLR-2 and TLR-4. hESC-Fib upon exposure to periodontopathogens displayed upregulation of TLRs and release of cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8). In contrast, hESC-MSCs were largely nonresponsive to bacterial challenge, especially in terms of cytokine production. Further, exposure of hESC-Fib to A. actinomycetemcomitans serotype c was associated with higher IL-8 production than serotype b. In contrast, the hESC-MSCs displayed no serotype-dependent response. Differential response of the two hESC progenies implies a phenotype-dependent response to periodontopathogens and supports the concept of immunomodulatory properties of MSCs.

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Engineering three‐dimensional constructs of the periodontal ligament in hyaluronan–gelatin hydrogel films and a mechanically active environment

Cited by 16 publications

References 67 publications

An in‐vitro mechanical strain three‐dimensional culture model: periodontal ligament cell viability, apoptosis, and endoplasmic reticulum stress response

An in‐vitro mechanical strain three‐dimensional culture model: periodontal ligament cell viability, apoptosis, and endoplasmic reticulum stress response

Surface Entrapment of Fibronectin on Electrospun PLGA Scaffolds for Periodontal Tissue Engineering

Innate Immune Response of Human Embryonic Stem Cell‐Derived Fibroblasts and Mesenchymal Stem Cells to Periodontopathogens

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