Enhanced capacitance of manganese oxide via confinement inside carbon nanotubes

Chen, Wei; Fan, Zhiping; Gu, Lin; Bao, Xinhe; Wang, Chunlei

doi:10.1039/c000517g

Cited by 279 publications

(168 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Confinement of manganese oxide also resulted in a blue shift of the MnÀO frequency by 6 cm À1 compared with the outside MnO 2 particles. 29 These observations imply there might be interactions between the confined metal oxides and the CNT surface.…”

Section: Gas-phase Reactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Confinement inside Carbon Nanotubes on Catalysis

2011

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T he unique tubular morphology of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) has triggered wide research interest. These structures can be used as nanoreactors and to create novel composites through the encapsulation of guest materials in their well-defined channels. The rigid nanotubes restrict the size of the encapsulated materials down to the nanometer and even the subnanometer scale. In addition, interactions may develop between the encapsulated molecules and nanomaterials and the CNT surfaces. The curvature of CNT walls causes the π electron density of the graphene layers to shift from the concave inner to the convex outer surface, which results in an electric potential difference. As a result, the molecules and nanomaterials on the exterior walls of CNTs likely display different properties and chemical reactivities from those confined within CNTs. Catalysis that utilizes the interior surface of CNTs was only explored recently. An increasing number of studies have demonstrated that confining metal or metal oxide nanoparticles inside CNTs often leads to a different catalytic activity with respect to the same metals deposited on the CNT exterior surface. Furthermore, this inside and outside activity difference varies based on the metals used and the reactions catalyzed.In this Account, we describe the efforts toward understanding the fundamental effects of confining metal nanoparticles inside the CNT channels. This research may provide a novel approach to modulate their catalytic performance and promote rational design of catalysts. To achieve this, we have developed strategies for homogeneous dispersion of nanoparticles inside nanotubes. Because researchers have previously demonstrated the insertion of nanoparticles within larger nanotubes, we focused specifically on multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) with an inner diameter (i.d.) smaller than 10 nm and double-walled carbon nanotubes (DWCNTs) with 1.0À1.5 nm i.d. The results show that CNTs with well-defined morphology and unique electronic structure of CNTs provide an intriguing confinement environment for catalysis.

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Section: Gas-phase Reactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Confinement inside Carbon Nanotubes on Catalysis

2011

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“…On the other hand, the nanochannel of CNTs provides ideal delivery vehicles for the payloads of biomolecules, drugs, DNA, and metals [39]. Furthermore, the hollow core of CNTs can also act as an ideal nanoreactor for gas or liquid reactions [11].…”

Section: Filling Of Aao-cntsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with unique structure and properties such as well-defined hollow interiors, inert surface properties, and resistance to acid and base environment have been proven to be excellent candidates as support in catalytic reactions [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] and energy storage and conversion medium [8][9][10][11]. Structural parameters of CNTs such as inner diameter, wall thickness, length, crystallinity, and electronic structure have a great influence on the performance of the supported particles or loaded matters [12][13][14][15].…”

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confidence: 99%

Carbon nanotubes prepared by anodic aluminum oxide template method

et al. 2011

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One of the most unique structural characteristics of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) differentiating from other carbon materials is their hollow nanochannles, which can be utilized for encapsulating and loading foreign matters. The anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) template technique enables the diameter, length, and cap structure control of the replicated CNTs, and thus shows advantages in pore structure control over the traditional CNT growth approaches. This review details the synthesis of CNTs with tunable diameter, length, wall thickness, and crystalline by using the AAO template method. The doping of heteroatoms and filling of foreign matters into AAO-CNTs are also addressed. Moreover, the main challenges and developing trends of the AAO template method are discussed.carbon nanotubes (CNTs), anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) template method, controllability Citation:Hou P X, Liu C, Shi C, et al. Carbon nanotubes prepared by anodic aluminum oxide template method.

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“…It is evident from these graphs when compared with the graphs of figure 1(a) that there is clear enhancement in the current levels with respect to SnO 2 :Sb as compared to carbon electrodes for similar electrolytes. The change of electrodes from carbon to SnO 2 :Sb has enhanced the area under the curves that is directly proportional to the specific capacitance of an electrolytic capacitor [6,[15][16][17]. The above cyclic voltammograms were repeated by introducing KNO 3 to understand the role of electrolyte addition on the cyclic voltammograms.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%