Enhanced emission intensity of Ce 3+ ions in Li 2 O–B 2 O 3 –Gd 2 O 3 scintillating glasses by adding carbon and Si 3 N 4 agent

Enhancement of emission intensity in Ce3+‐activated aluminoborosilicate scintillating glass synthesized in air

“…The above‐mentioned reduction conditions not only complicate the synthesis process of glass material, but also accordingly increase the production cost. Interestingly, some reducing agents such as Si 3 N 4 and SiC that exhibit intrinsic reduction nature, have been utilized to synthesize certain transparent and colorless glasses activated with cerium ions. This strategy seems to be more effective in borosilicate, borogermanate, and borate glass systems as reported in our previous work.…”

“…Interestingly, some reducing agents such as Si 3 N 4 and SiC that exhibit intrinsic reduction nature, have been utilized to synthesize certain transparent and colorless glasses activated with cerium ions. This strategy seems to be more effective in borosilicate, borogermanate, and borate glass systems as reported in our previous work. It is experimentally confirmed that Ce 4+ is easier to be reduced in borosilicate glass containing Al 2 O 3 component by introducing nitrides such as Si 3 N 4 in previous work .…”

“…Interestingly, some reducing agents such as Si 3 N 4 [13][14][15] and SiC 9 that exhibit intrinsic reduction nature, have been utilized to synthesize certain transparent and colorless glasses activated with cerium ions. This strategy seems to be more effective in borosilicate, 9 borogermanate, 13 and borate 14 15 Aluminum oxide, as one of the glass components, has also been reported to play a critical role in manipulating the valence state of europium ions in porous silica, 16,17 aluminoborate, 18 and aluminoborosilicate 19 glasses It is confirmed that Al 2 O 3 -modified glasses with both lower optical basicity and more rigid network seem to in favor of the lower valence state of europium ions. In recent years, AlN is considered to be one of the most powerful reduction agents for tuning dielectric, solubility, and optical properties of materials by tailoring the desired valence state of certain elements in both crystalline and amorphous materials.…”

Self‐reduction of Eu3+ to Eu2+ in europium‐doped Li2B4O7 glass prepared in air

“…Especially, the Li 2 B 4 O 7 glass incorporated with rare earth or transition metals shows excellent optical properties for high thermomechanical stability and a wide spectral range of transparency from deep UV to IR regions . The optical properties of dysprosium and cerium‐doped lithium borate glasses for the purpose of LEDs and scintillation application, and the strategy on enhancing the emission intensity of Ce 3+ ions by adding reduction agents, such as carbon and Si 3 N 4 , were studied in our work . However, as one of the most promising scintillating activators in glasses and ceramics, divalent europium has been rarely proposed .…”

“…27 The optical properties of dysprosium and cerium-doped lithium borate glasses for the purpose of LEDs and scintillation application, and the strategy on enhancing the emission intensity of Ce 3+ ions by adding reduction agents, such as carbon and Si 3 N 4 , were studied in our work. [28][29][30] However, as one of the most promising scintillating activators in glasses and ceramics, divalent europium has been rarely proposed. [11][12][13] Herein, for the first time, the self-reduction of Eu 3+ to Eu 2+ ions in europium-doped Li 2 B 4 O 7 glass induced by partially replacing B 2 O 3 with BN was reported in the present work, and the optical properties including transmittance, photoluminescence and radioluminiescence spectra, together with the luminescence decay curves are systematically revealed.…”