Enhanced Energy-Efficient Fuzzy Logic Clustering and Network Coding Strategy for Wireless Sensor Networks (EEE-FL-NC)

Abstract

Battery energy is limited in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs); thus energy is a key element in designing WSNs. In particular, the effective utilization of energy becomes the major challenge during the design of routing protocols for WSNs, and the ultimate aim of the routing protocols is to extend the network lifespan of Wireless Sensor Networks by efficiently utilizing node energy. Clustering is one kind of mechanism in Wireless Sensor Networks to prolong the network lifetime and to reduce overall energy consumption. This paper used fuzzy logic for electing cluster heads based on 7 different descriptors-(delay, distance from the base station, RSSI, density, residual energy, location suitability, and Compacting) in each round. Dedicated network coder nodes in the bottleneck zone used network coding algorithms to improve data transmission rate. This sequentially improves the overall network lifetime. NS2 simulation tool and C++ programming language have been used to simulate and implement the proposed routing protocol. The simulation results proved that EEE-FL-NC protocol outperforms based on throughput, energy consumption, and the average lifetime of the network while comparing with the state-of-the art protocols like FL-NC-EEC, LEACH, K-means-LEACH, FL-EEC, and F-LEACH-[1]/D.