Enhanced field emission from O2 and CF4 plasma-treated CuO nanowires

Post-etch residue removal using choline chloride–malonic acid deep eutectic solvent (DES)

“…The F 1s spectrum of PER has a peak at 683.8 eV, which represents bonding of fluorine to copper in the form of CuF 2 . In the O 1s spectrum, the peak at 531.1 eV is due to the presence of CuO [26][27][28][29]. Based on these spectral features, it may be concluded that the PER film contains a mixture of both CuF 2 and CuO.…”

Formation of urchin-like CuO structure through thermal oxidation and its field-emission lighting application

“…where J is the emission current density, E is the electric field, u is the work function of CuO (4.5 eV) [64], A = 1.54 Â 10 À6 A eV/V 2 , and B = 6.83 Â 10 3 eV À3/2 V lm À1 . The term b denotes the field enhancement factor, which depends on the morphology and crystal structure of the emitters.…”

“…The higher local electric field enhances the rate of electron tunneling [63], reducing the turn-on field and increasing the field enhancement factor. The Fowler-Nordheim (F-N) equation [64] was employed to analyze the FE properties of the urchin-like CuO. It is expressed as…”

Enhancement of electron field emission of vertically aligned carbon nanotubes by nitrogen plasma treatment

“…The other strategy is to post-treat the as-grown nanowires using plasmas to rearrange the position, location, etc. [44,45]. For instance, Zhu et al [44] showed that the electron field emission performance of the as-grown CuO nanowires was significantly enhanced after the oxygen plasma treatment.…”

“…[44,45]. For instance, Zhu et al [44] showed that the electron field emission performance of the as-grown CuO nanowires was significantly enhanced after the oxygen plasma treatment. They attributed this enhancement to the reduction of the tip diameter of the nanowires, the sharpening of the nanowire tips, and the removal of the amorphous layer on the surface of the as-grown nanowires.…”