“…Therefore, it has the potential for cracking the carbon skeleton of coal. In our previous work, we observed a centimeter-scale plasma produced by microwave-induced discharge, which can upgrade the air ionization and expand the range of a flame. , However, the enhancing effect of microwave-induced discharge on anthracite cracking is still unclear. Moreover, the addition of other working gases, such as Ar, H 2 O, and He, can regulate the energy transfer pathway in plasma, − leading to changes in production components.…”