Enhanced Hearing Aid Performance with an African Buffalo Optimization-Based Frequency Response Masking Filter

Abstract

Hearing aid systems rely on reconfigurable filters to selectively amplify desired signals while suppressing unwanted noise. However, the complexity of the hardware and the associated power dissipation present substantial challenges, particularly in systems where adaptability and scalability are crucial. These systems require advanced auditory compensation to accommodate the diverse auditory profiles of individuals with hearing impairments. In this study, an African buffalo-inspired optimization algorithm is introduced to fine-tune a Frequency Response Masking Reconfigurable Filter (AB-FRMRF). This novel approach ensures High-Q filtering with narrow transition bands while maintaining a low filter order, thereby enhancing selectivity and minimizing complexity. The optimization algorithm adjusts its search strategy based on solution fitness, optimizing the filter's coefficient values. Performance parameters such as matching error and group delay are meticulously tuned for optimal auditory compensation. Utilizing distributed arithmetic for hardware realization and a Brent Kung adder for the summation of dynamic random-access memory (DRAM) partial products, the hardware design deviates from conventional pipeline adder trees, culminating in significant power savings and improved processing speed. Modeled in MATLAB and implemented on a Kintex 7 FPGA Genesys 2 board, the AB-FRMRF model exhibits a reduced matching error down to 1.2 dB and a minimized delay to 2.5 msec for high-frequency sounds in cases of mild hearing loss. These metrics are favorable in comparison to existing reconfigurable filters reported in the literature. The AB-FRMRF model not only demonstrates a 35% improvement in power consumption but also outperforms traditional methods in computational complexity, auditory compensation, delay, and power metrics, making it highly suitable for hearing aid applications. The proposed filter design signifies a substantial advancement in auditory assistance technology, aligning with the necessity for high-performance, low-power hearing aid devices.