Enhanced rat β-cell proliferation in 60% pancreatectomized islets by increased glucose metabolic flux through pyruvate carboxylase pathway

Liu, Y. Q.; Han, Junying; Epstein, Paul N.; Long, Yun Shi

doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00427.2004

Cited by 19 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…We observed the same protective effect in high glucose-cultured rat islets (38). Also, Liu and co-workers showed a role for this enzyme in the ␤-cell mass and functional adaptation to a 60% Px in rats (23,39). As such, PC is believed to play a key role in the ␤-cell adaptation to insulin resistance and dysmetabolism by preserving mitochondrial fuel metabolism (37,40).…”

Section: Foxo1 and Ppar␥ Signaling In ␤-Cellsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptor γ (PPARγ) and Its Target Genes Are Downstream Effectors of FoxO1 Protein in Islet β-Cells

Gupta

Leahy

Monga

et al. 2013

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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Background:The molecular mechanisms for islet ␤-cell compensation and failure are not fully known. Results: FoxO1/PPAR␥ signaling regulates key ␤-cell genes, with this network being up-regulated in nondiabetic insulinresistant rats and impaired in rodents with diabetes. Conclusion: We examine the potential for the FoxO1/PPAR␥ network as a feature of ␤-cell compensation and failure. Significance: We identify targets for prevention of type 2 diabetes.

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Section: Foxo1 and Ppar␥ Signaling In ␤-Cellsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptor γ (PPARγ) and Its Target Genes Are Downstream Effectors of FoxO1 Protein in Islet β-Cells

Gupta

Leahy

Monga

et al. 2013

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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“…In conditions of high glucose, high PC activity can lead to pyruvate cycling in pancreatic β-cells in order to facilitate glycolysis. 179 HP [1- 13 C] pyruvate injected into perfused livers has demonstrated conversion through OAA to malate and aspartate, indicative of PC activity 167 as well as in vivo. 166 Interestingly, the researchers show label scrambling of both malate and aspartate as a result of malate’s hydration reaction through fumarase (EC 4.2.1.2) to the symmetric TCA intermediate fumarate, leading to both [1- 13 C] and [4- 13 C] malate and aspartate.…”

Section: Essential Biochemistry Of Dnpmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemistry and biochemistry of¹³C hyperpolarized magnetic resonance using dynamic nuclear polarization

2014

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The study of transient chemical phenomena by conventional NMR has proved elusive, particularly for non-1H nuclei. For 13C, hyperpolarization using the dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) technique has emerged as a powerful means to improve SNR. The recent development of rapid dissolution DNP methods has facilitated previously impossible in vitro and in vivo study of small molecules. This review presents the basics of the DNP technique, identification of appropriate DNP substrates, and approaches to increase hyperpolarized signal lifetimes. Also addressed are the biochemical events to which DNP-NMR has been applied, with descriptions of several probes that have met with in vivo success.

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“…Furthermore, PC activity is also decreased in the islet β-cells of diabetic mice [277]. PC plays a critical role in islet cell proliferation [278] and increased insulin secretion in compensation for whole-body insulin resistance [279]. Inactivation of PC is thought to be involved in the transition from mild hyperglycemia to severe hyperglycemia [277].…”

Section: Major Diseases Characterized By Aberant Pyruvate Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of pyruvate metabolism and human disease

Gray

Tompkins

Taylor

2013

Cell. Mol. Life Sci.

692

567

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Pyruvate is a keystone molecule critical for numerous aspects of eukaryotic and human metabolism. Pyruvate is the end-product of glycolysis, is derived from additional sources in the cellular cytoplasm, and is ultimately destined for transport into mitochondria as a master fuel input undergirding citric acid cycle carbon flux. In mitochondria, pyruvate drives ATP production by oxidative phosphorylation and multiple biosynthetic pathways intersecting the citric acid cycle. Mitochondrial pyruvate metabolism is regulated by many enzymes, including the recently discovered mitochondria pyruvate carrier, pyruvate dehydrogenase, and pyruvate carboxylase, to modulate overall pyruvate carbon flux. Mutations in any of the genes encoding for proteins regulating pyruvate metabolism may lead to disease. Numerous cases have been described. Aberrant pyruvate metabolism plays an especially prominent role in cancer, heart failure, and neurodegeneration. Because most major diseases involve aberrant metabolism, understanding and exploiting pyruvate carbon flux may yield novel treatments that enhance human health.

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Enhanced rat β-cell proliferation in 60% pancreatectomized islets by increased glucose metabolic flux through pyruvate carboxylase pathway

Abstract: . Enhanced rat ␤-cell proliferation in 60% pancreatectomized islets by increased glucose metabolic flux through pyruvate carboxylase pathway.

Cited by 19 publications

References 62 publications

Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptor γ (PPARγ) and Its Target Genes Are Downstream Effectors of FoxO1 Protein in Islet β-Cells

Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptor γ (PPARγ) and Its Target Genes Are Downstream Effectors of FoxO1 Protein in Islet β-Cells

Chemistry and biochemistry of¹³C hyperpolarized magnetic resonance using dynamic nuclear polarization

Regulation of pyruvate metabolism and human disease

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Enhanced rat β-cell proliferation in 60% pancreatectomized islets by increased glucose metabolic flux through pyruvate carboxylase pathway

Abstract: . Enhanced rat ␤-cell proliferation in 60% pancreatectomized islets by increased glucose metabolic flux through pyruvate carboxylase pathway.

Cited by 19 publications

References 62 publications

Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptor γ (PPARγ) and Its Target Genes Are Downstream Effectors of FoxO1 Protein in Islet β-Cells

Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptor γ (PPARγ) and Its Target Genes Are Downstream Effectors of FoxO1 Protein in Islet β-Cells

Chemistry and biochemistry of13C hyperpolarized magnetic resonance using dynamic nuclear polarization

Regulation of pyruvate metabolism and human disease

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Product

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Chemistry and biochemistry of¹³C hyperpolarized magnetic resonance using dynamic nuclear polarization